臺南縣市幼稚園教師、幼兒家長對於腸病毒的認知與防治之研究

A study about the cognition and prevention for enterovirus in teachers and parents of kindergartens-Tainan county and city

白華枝(Hwa-Chi Pai)

《兒童與教育研究》 5期 (2009/08) Pp. 45-88

摘要

腸病毒71型自從在1969年第一次被定義出來後，在全世界出現週期性地爆發感染。臺灣在1998年發生腸病毒大流行，根據統計民國87年至95年間腸病毒感染併發重症的病例數為1,560人，死亡病例數為245人。本研究的目的在探究腸病毒防治現況，瞭解幼稚園教師及幼兒家長之腸病毒認知、腸病毒防治意見及預防行為。本研究以多階段抽樣方式進行問卷調查，共取得臺南縣及台南市479位幼稚園教師及1,161位幼兒家長的有效樣本。研究結果發現：一、有四成幼兒曾經感染過腸病毒，私立幼稚園幼兒感染腸病毒的比率高於公立幼稚園；留園時間在六小時以上的幼兒感染腸病毒比率高於五小時以下；兄弟姐妹曾感染過腸病毒的幼兒感染腸病毒的機率較高。二、在防治現況部份，幼稚園教師及幼兒家長獲得腸病毒資訊的來源以電視新聞節目最多、有近九成幼稚園教師對於幼兒感染腸病毒感到有壓力，壓力源最多是來自於家長。三、對於腸病毒的認知、防治意見及預防行為方面在不同人口變項上有其差異。

關鍵字

腸病毒 ； 認知 ； 防治 ； 問卷調查 ； 幼稚園

並列摘要

Since the first enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection was defined in California in 1969, subsequent outbreaks have been reported worldwide. Taiwan had an outbreak of enterovirus in 1998. According to Taiwan's Center for Disease Control (CDC), 1,560 cases of severely complicated enterovirus including 245 deaths were reported from 1998 to 2006. The purposes of this study were to investigate the recent status of enterovirus prevention and to evaluate the cognition, opinions and behavior for enterovirus prevention in teachers and parents of kindergartens. Multistage sampling by questionnaire was used in our research. A sample including 479 teachers and 1,161 parents in Tainan city and county was collected. The results of the present study were: 1. More than 42.8% of the children had been infected with enterovirus. Children who stayed in kindergarten for more than six hours every day and whose siblings had enterovirus infection history had higher infection rate. 2. Most teachers and parents got information about enterovirus from television news. Nearly 90% of the kindergarten teachers were under pressure if children were infected with enterovirus. 3. There were a lot of differences between teachers and parents about cognition, behaviors and opinions for prevention of enterovirus.

並列關鍵字

enterovirus ； cognition ； prevention ； survey ； kindergarten