Children's Emotional Competence in Peer Context and the Relation to Family Emotional Profiles

幼兒情緒能力與家庭情緒社會化風格之關係

金瑞芝(Jui-Chih Chin)

《兒童與教育研究》 9期 (2014/01) Pp. 37-66

摘要

The current study explored the interrelations between children's emotional expressions and reactions to peers' emotions, and how children with different family profiles of emotion socialization practices differ in these aspects of emotional competence in peer context. Forty-seven children and their mothers recruited from two kindergartens in Taipei and New Taipei city participated in this study. Children were observed during free play and their mothers filled out the scales of Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire and Coping with Children's Negative Emotion Scale. The analysis of canonical correlation revealed that children's more positive emotionality was positively related to match peers' positive emotions synchronously and negatively related to neglect and assist peers, and match peers' positive emotions with negative ones. The cluster analysis yielded three groups: moderate-negative, positive and inconsistent family profiles. Across family profiles, girls displayed neutral emotions more often than boys did. Regarding children's reactions to peer emotions, boys with positive profile exhibited more positive reactions and less negative reactions than those with inconsistent profile. Yet, girls did not differ across family profiles. The results were discussed in terms of the distinct natures of parent-child relationship and peer group, gender difference in peer play and emotional socialization practices, children's repertoire of coping strategies, and cultural norms of emotional expressivity.

關鍵字

emotional competence in peer context ； emotional socialization practices ； family emotional profile ； young children

並列摘要

本研究旨在探討幼兒在同儕情境中之情緒表達和回應同儕情緒表現之間的關係，及不同家庭情緒社會化風格之幼兒其在情緒表達與回應同儕情緒表現的差異。研究樣本為來自台北市及新北市四十七位幼兒及其母親。資料來源為觀察幼兒於自由遊戲中情緒表達和回應，以及母親填寫情緒表達和因應兒童負向情緒量表。研究結果顯示幼兒之正向情緒性，與配合同儕正向情緒有正相關，與忽略、協助、和錯配同儕情緒（以正向情緒回應同儕負向情緒）表現有負相關。叢集分析顯示中度負向、正向、不一致等三種家庭情緒社會化風格。變異數分析發現女孩比男孩展現更多中立情緒。來自正向家庭風格的男孩，與不一致家庭風格之男孩相比，對同儕情緒有較多正向的回應，較少負向回應。女孩對同儕情緒的回應方式，不因家庭風格而有所差異。

並列關鍵字

情緒能力 ； 同儕情境 ； 情緒社會化 ； 家庭情緒風格 ； 幼兒