英式橄欖球運動比賽戰術決策者之培養

The Development of Tactic Decision-Maker in Rugby Games

陳優華(Yu-Hua Chen)

《明道學術論壇》 4卷1期 (2008/06) Pp. 117-126

https://doi.org/10.6953/MJ.200806.0117

摘要

橄欖球運動是下場比賽人數最多的團體球類運動項目，橄欖球運動不論是比賽的戰術、技術、陣勢與規則，相較於其他球類運動項目則更加繁雜，因此，除了球員球技的展現外，戰術決策執行運用成功與否？更是影響比賽的勝負關鍵因素，本文透過文獻整理與分析，針對橄欖球教練訓練培養球賽戰術決策者的重要性，及其訓練運用的方法與內容加以探討，並將教練訓練培養球賽戰術決策者，應注意的幾項方法內容歸納為：教練所需的角色改變、教練應提供戰術與決策典範、使用書面內容提供在比賽中可能會面臨的情況、非結構化陣勢橄欖球要素的演練模式應用。而作為橄欖球教練訓練培養球賽戰術決策者，如果教練以全新的內容來教導球員，也絕非表示教練必需放棄自己喜愛的訓練活動內容，而是再強調相關戰術運用的訓練活動內容。教練必需著重於預期結果，分析戰術決策用於達成比賽結果的過程，且提供戰術決策相關的回饋內容，以建立特定的養成活動，來改善球員的戰術技能水準。

關鍵字

橄欖球 ； 教練 ； 比賽戰術

並列摘要

Rugby is a game with largest number of players on the field. For rugby, no matter in game tactics, techniques, layouts and rules, they will be more intricate than any other game. Thus, aside from the demonstration on players' skills, the successful implementation of tactics and strategies will be critical to win a game. Thus, this article focuses on the importance on development of tactic decision-makers in rugby games through compiling and analyzing scientific lectures, together with exploring training contents and methods. Also, the noteworthy items required for the development of tactic decision-makers are concluded as below. They include the required role changes of coaches, the tactics and decision-making examples provided by coaches, the contexts in written forms to describe the possible engagement against opponents during games and simulation models for non-structural layouts in rugby games. Also, as a coach to develop tactic decision-makers in rugby games, if coaches can educate players with brand new contexts, it does not certainly mans coaches should be forced to give up their favorite training contexts. However, it is aimed to emphasize the training contexts combined with relevant tactic application. Coaches must be highly attentive to predicted results. The tactic strategies must be analyzed to reach the process in achieving game goals. Also, the feedback relevant to tactic decision making should be provided to create specific development activities. The tactic skills of players can be improved.

並列關鍵字

Rugby ； Coach ； Game Tactic