領導型態與組織承諾關係之研究

The Relationship Study on Leadership Style and Organizational Commitment

曾妤如(Yu- Ru Tzeng) ； 陳國嘉(Kuo-Chia Chen)

《全球管理與經濟》 12卷2期 (2016/12) Pp. 94-111

https://doi.org/10.6565/JGME.2016.12(2).6

摘要

領導為領導者應用之權利，透過組織成員交互反應行為來引導組織成員同心協力。達成組織特定目標之歷程。而組織承諾是組織成員對組織的認同、努力意願，及希望繼續留在組織工作的一種態度或內在傾向。因此，本研究的目的在於探討領導型態對組織承諾的影響以及分析企業如何善用組織承諾來達成組織目標。本研究透過實證分析結果顯示出重要結論有：轉換型領導愈好將提升情感性承諾愈高；交易型領導愈好將提升情感性承諾、規範性承諾與計算性承諾愈高；轉換型領導比交易型領導能有效提升情感性承諾愈高；交易型領導能有效提昇規範性承諾；交易型領導能有效提昇計算性承諾；轉換型領導對計算性承諾卻呈現負向顯著影響力，表示組織或管理者愈取得不同承諾，需能正確地採用不同的領導策略，否則可能弄巧成拙，反而降低了員工對組織的承諾；以及不同年資之受訪者在領導風格及組織承諾上都有顯著差異。最後，本研究依據研究結論提出建議如下：主管要交互應用不同領導型探；建構和諧組織氣候之工作環境；學校應該重視及提升教師組織承諾；鼓勵年輕未婚之專任教師多參與校務工作及學校活動，來提升其組織承諾；以及在組織變革任何階段，應該重視不同領導型態，因為不同領導方式都能提升組織承諾。

關鍵字

領導 ； 領導型態 ； 組織承諾

並列摘要

Leadership is a process where the leader helps steer his members to focus on achieving a specific goal. Organizational commitments are attitudes or traits that enable organizational members to acknowledge the ideas of an organization and continue working for the organization. As a result, this study will explore the effect of leadership styles on organizational commitment and analyze how enterprises can take advantage of organizational commitments to achieve organization goals. Through empirical analysis, this study reveals that good transformational leadership can elevate emotional commitment, and good transactional leadership will elevate emotional, exemplary, and calculated commitments. Transformational leaders are better at elevating emotional commitments than transactional leaders. Transactional leaders can effectively increase exemplary and calculated commitments while transformational leaders exhibit negative effect on calculated commitment. This shows that organizations need to apply different leadership styles in order to obtain the commitment that an organization requires or else risk lowering the organizational commitments of employees. Based on these conclusions, we suggest that managers should mix leadership styles for optimal results. Schools should value and increase teachers commitments by encouraging young and single teachers to be more involved in school affairs, for example.

並列關鍵字

Leadership ； Leadership Style ； Organizational Commitment