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臨界負荷檢測方法之探討與應用

Assessments and Applications of the Critical Power

摘要


本文目的在於介紹臨界負荷(critical power, CP)檢測方法,並以文獻回顧方式比較CP檢測方法及其應用性。CP指長時間運動不會發生衰竭的最大負荷,而測量CP並不需昂貴儀器,因此成為近年來相當重要的耐力運動指標。藉由整理相關文獻後可知,CP概念可廣泛應用於許多運動項目上,且具有極高的效度,而大部分研究皆以多次(2~6次)固定負荷的方式進行衰竭測驗,並利用作功與時間、功率與時間倒數以及功率與時間之關係圖進行CP之判定。而近年的研究更發展出2次遞增負荷測驗與單次3分鐘衰竭測驗的方法來評估CP,大幅簡化了檢測的次數與時間。因此,運動員、教練以及運動從業人員可依需求選擇適用的臨界負荷計算公式,以有效地監控與安排訓練計畫。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study was to introduce and compare the determinative methods of critical power (CP) through reviewing the previous studies. CP is the maximum sustainable power output which can be maintained for a given amount of time. Due to the measurements of CP need not any expensive equipments, it became a very important parameter in the endurance exercise in recent years. In summary, the concept of CP can be widely used in many sporting events, and has high criterion-related validity. Most of studies used a couple of exhaustive tests (usually from 2 to 6 times) with constant intensity over several days to draw the relationships of work-time, power-time^(-1) and/or power-time, and then to determine the CP. The determinative method of the incremental exercise test and a 3-min all-out cycling test were developed in recent decades. These new methods substantially reduced the number of times of the exhaustive tests and the time of CP test. Therefore, the athletes, and coaches as well as the sports professionals can select the appropriate determinative methods depend upon their demands to effectively monitor and arrange the training program.

並列關鍵字

critical power end power aerobic capacity

參考文獻


王順正、王鶴森、林正常(1995)。漸增強度運動測驗之臨界負荷與無氧閾值的關係研究。體育學報。19,145-156。
王順正、李昭慶、康風都(1994)。臨界負荷在運動強度設定上的應用。中華體育。28,116-125。
王順正、林正常(1992)。臨界負荷、肌電圖疲勞閾值與無氧閾值的關係研究。中華體育學報。14,207-226。
王鶴森(1992)。無氧閾值判定法之比較。國立臺灣師範大學。
林正常、王順正(1998)。長距離跑步選手的臨界速度研究。體育學報。26,137-144。

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呂松庭、葉哲偉、陳麒先、黃智盈、陳韋翰、劉強(2023)。由不同踩踏時間功率評估與預測高中自由車選手臨界功率體育學報56(1),77-90。https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.202303_56(1).0005
洪佳煥(2012)。增補β-丙胺酸對3分鐘腳踏車衰竭測驗生理反應之影響〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315272461

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