兩性運動團隊成員互動模式之探究

過去對於團隊成員間互動的研究多為討論團體中人際或成員互動與工作表現或績效的關係，但多針對資訊專業團隊或虛擬團隊的互動過程中的種種問題進行探討，並無以運動團隊為對象之研究，而在運動團隊的研究鮮少探究成員互動過程或行為。本研究以一對一半結構式訪談結合田野札記、焦點團體座談等資料進行歸納分析，並利用紮根理論途徑建構兩性運動團隊（啦啦隊）成員互動模式多階層概念；從153個有意義的主題歸納出10個低階主題及3個高階主題，並且形成互動模式之階層圖。研究發現啦啦隊成員有相當高的目標一致性，相處時的互動和組合性相當高，但是男、女成員離開團隊練習的情境後，彼此間互動的程度因為性別和年級等差異在同儕關係上的需求和處遇有所差異。後續可再佐以其他分析工具針對成員性別、成員年齡、團隊發展階段、團隊層級等兩性運動團隊之差異進行探究，且團隊中不同角色的互動關係對團隊運作亦有相當影響，實有接續研究之必要。

關鍵字

啦啦隊；團隊互動過程；質性研究；紮根理論

並列摘要

In the past, most studies regarding interactions among team members were interpersonal interaction in groups, relationship between team members, or job performance related. However, big portion of the studies were for the professional information teams or for virtual teams interactive process, not for sports teams or researches in the sports team members, which were rarely explored for their interactive process or behavior. In this study, semi-structured interviews combined with field notes, focus groups, and the other data are summarized and analyzed by using the grounded theory approach and construct the multi-level concepts of co-ed sports teams (cheerleading squad) members interactive mode. One hundred and fifty-three raw data themes summed ten sub-themes and three higher-order themes form the interactive mode hierarchy diagram. Cheerleaders have high degree of goal congruence, high interaction, and combination closing to each other. When dismissing from practice situations, the degree of the interaction is different from each other because of the differences of their sex and grade in peer relationships. Subsequent analysis may be accompanied by another analysis tools for co-ed sports team differences, such as sex, age, stage of team development and team-level in sports teams. In addition, team interaction between different roles are also considerable influence on the operation of the team. As a result, this is indeed necessary for continuously researches.