先前多數研究已證實健身運動對大腦與認知功能有正向的效益,但大多數文獻聚焦在使用單一類型的運動介入以探討其中之關聯。本文針對健身運動類型(有氧、無氧,以及協調性運動)對認知功能、內分泌系統、神經生理,以及大腦結構等各面向之影響,進行回顧與論述。綜合與統整相關文獻研究資料,發現過去研究指出健身運動對認知功能、內分泌系統、神經電生理,以及大腦功能有其正向之影響,但會因健身運動型態之不同而產生選擇性的效益。該結果意謂著不同健身運動類型不僅可能在不同效益面向上扮演著不同調節之角色,且造成大腦結構活化之區域亦有所差異。期許以此回顧研究釐清不同健身運動類型對認知功能、內分泌系統、神經生理,以及大腦功能之關聯性,並進一步建立其中的機轉以提供後續實證性研究之基礎。
Prior research has indicated the positive influence of exercise on the cognitive function, nevertheless, majority studies focused on only single type of exercise. Therefore, current review aimed to further explore the relationships between various modes of exercise (e.g., aerobic, anaerobic and coordinated exercise) and aspects of cognitive function, endocrine system, neuroelectrical function, and brain function. Our review indicated that all types of exercise have positive relationship with the cognitive function, endocrine system, neuroelectrical function, and brain function. Furthermore, various mode of exercise might influence those aspects differentially, suggesting the potential different moderator function of exercise. It is warrant for further research to establish the underlying mechanisms for different types of exercise on aspects of cognitive function, endocrine system, neuroelectrical function, and brain function.