運動對於腸道菌相改變與健康效益之影響

腸道菌相由出生開始就逐漸開始建立，隨著環境、基因、飲食習慣、生活型態的差異不同而造成個體腸道菌相的高度變異性產生；腸道成為了微生物的自然棲地，亦為最大也最為複雜的體內生態系統，在功能上可被做為一個代謝的器官並與宿主間產生互利共生的依存關係，對於個體的健康狀態扮演重要的角色。在正常的腸道菌相平衡的狀態下，維繫著宿主的代謝、生理、營養與免疫的健康狀態，失調狀態下亦被證實與許多疾病具有關聯性，而益生菌（質）介入確實可視為一項可行治療的策略。腸道菌相的變化除了上述因子造成改變外，運動的介入與身體活動度的差異對於腸道菌相的分布具有顯著之影響，為了運動介入對於腸道菌相的組成與活性所產生的真實影響，在實務上可能遇到一些阻礙而影響實際的分析結果，如飲食複雜度因素、生活習慣與運動營養補充品使用等，因此本文章針對過去針對益生菌對於運動健康促進的研究進行綜合性整理與回顧並提出未來腸道菌的可研究發展方向。以運動健康促進的觀點，希望能夠讓益生菌在更多生物科技研究投入下能實質協助應用於競技運動員之運動表現上以生技與運動跨領域結合並落實「科技為運動喝采」之精神。

關鍵字

疾病；益生菌；生理適應

並列摘要

The gut microbiota was gradually established to shape highly variable diversity according to different factors including environment, genetics, dietary habits, and lifestyle after birth. The gastrointestinal tract becomes a natural habitat for microbes' colonization, which is also the largest and most complicated in vivo ecosystem. The gut microbiota acts as a ＂metabolic organ＂ that interacts with the human host for a mutually beneficial coexistence (symbiotic relationship), and performs an important role in health and disease. Under eubiosis, the gut microbiota influences the well-being of the host by contributing to its metabolism, physiology, nutrition and immune function. The dysbiosis was also elucidated to associate with many kinds of disease and the intervention of probiotics/ prebiotics could be considered as a therapeutic strategy. The microbiota distributions/ proportions could be interfered by not only above factors, but also exercise types or physical activities. However, the diet complexity, lifestyle, and nutritional supplementation could impede the real analytic relationship in practice. Therefore, we provided not only the comprehensive related studies regarding to issues of exercise and health promotion but also potential topics for future investigation. From the point view of exercise and health promotion, we hope the probiotics could be further studied for physiological benefits and characteristics to substantially improve the athlete performance. The spirit of ＂the sport with technological support＂ will be also implemented.

並列關鍵字

disease ； probiotics ； physiological adaptaion

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運動對於腸道菌相改變與健康效益之影響

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