高速公路大客車跟車刺激－反應行為模式之建立

本研究以固定基底式大客車駕駛模擬器為基礎，設計高速公路平直路段大客車跟車－刺激反應場景，並招募10位國道客運公司之職業大客車駕駛者進行模擬實驗，透過前車加減速事件之觸發及大客車駕駛者之跟車反應，擷取適用的樣本資料，最後利用SPSS統計分析軟體，建立延遲時間0.5、1、1.5、2秒之4種跟車刺激－反應模式。此外，透過後車累積位移量進行4種大客車刺激－反應模式與駕駛模擬紀錄比較分析，結果顯示延遲時間0.5秒的刺激－反應模式與實驗紀錄最為接近，亦即為最佳的推估模式。本研究結果可作為國內微觀車流模擬模式、大客車防撞警示技術及相關法規訂定之基礎。

關鍵字

大客車；駕駛模擬器；高速公路；刺激－反應模式；微觀車流模擬

並列摘要

This study planed and designed a driving simulation scenario of freeway straight road section on sunshine weather and day time based on the application of a bus driving simulator (DS). Ten bus drivers who work in freeway bus companies were invited to execute the stimulus-response car following experiment. After the bus drivers finished the car following experiment, their stimulus-response car-following behavior regarding to the acceleration or deceleration events of a leading car was collected to develop the bus stimulus-response model. By using the SPSS statistical analysis software, this study develops four bus stimulus-response models with delay time of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 seconds. Moreover, this study evaluates the developed models by comparing the difference between the estimated driving distance of model and the experimental driving distance. The result shows that the stimulus-response model with delay time of 0.5 seconds most closely approximates the experimental records. This study can be a basis of microscopic traffic flow simulation, bus collision warning technology and related regulations development.