三重地區獨居老人健康狀況及害怕跌倒相關因素調查研究

A Study on Health Status, Fear of Falling of Elderly People Living Alone at Sanchong District, New Taipei City

黃明碧(Min-Bi Huang) ； 林金定(Jin-Ding Lin) ； 陳麗美(Li-Mei Chen)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 7卷2期 (2011/12) Pp. 135-156

https://doi.org/10.29797/TJGHR.201112.0003

摘要

本研究以新北市三重區（原台北縣三重市）獨居老人為對象，探討其健康狀況及害怕跌倒之相關因素，完成問卷調查共有131人。以男性佔多數，平均年齡為78.89 歲。健康狀況方面，有84%的老人至少罹患一種慢性疾病，且罹患的疾病當中以高血壓、眼睛疾病、關節炎為最多。在日常生活量表及工具性量表評估方面，以上下樓梯及準備三餐困難性較高。會害怕跌倒的有87人（66.4%），最近三個月曾跌倒有23人（17.6％）。與害怕跌倒達統計顯著差異性變項為：性別、婚姻、自覺健康、罹患疾病、最近三個月曾經跌倒、蹲下站起、彎腰拿東西、走路平穩性、走路使用輔助器、視力、ADL、IADL等。影響害怕跌倒的危險因素為最近三個月曾經跌倒（OR=6.65; 95% CI=1.03-43.07）以及目前罹患疾病（OR=4.43; 95%CI=1.03-19.13）。研究建議未來針對如何預防獨居老人跌倒，需加強環境安全評估外，尚需加強老人慢性疾病防治、老人健康促進及增強平常生活活動情形等重要策略規劃，以便落實於獨居老人日常生活當中，作為獨居老人跌倒之預防。

關鍵字

獨居老人 ； 害怕跌倒 ； 跌倒

並列摘要

Health status and factors related to fear of falling among elderly people living alone in Sanchong community of New Taipei City (formerly Taiwan County) were explored in this study. There were 131 individuals with an average age of 78.89 years had completed questionnaires. Most of them are male. 84% of them suffered from at least one kind of chronic disease, of which, hypertension, eye diseases and arthritis were the most prevalence illnesses among the respondents. Going up and down the stairs and preparing the meals were the two most difficult tasks among their ADL and IADL assessments. There were 87 cases (66.4%) expressed that they were afraid of fall and 23 cases (17.6%) did experience a fall within last three months. Single variance analyses revealed gender, marital status, perceived health status, suffering from disease currently, experience of fall within the last three months, squat and stand up, bend over to get something, walking stability, walking with aids, visual acuity, ADL, and IADL were found statistically significant related to the fear of falling. Multi-variance analysis found that experience of fall during last three months (OR=6.65; 95% CI=1.03-43.07) and current suffering from disease (OR=4.43; 95% CI=1.03-19.13) were the two most influence risk factors for fear of falling. The study suggests initiating chronic disease management and health promotion strategies to prevent fall occurrence among elderly people who live alone in the community.

並列關鍵字

Elderly people living alone ； fear of falling ； falling