台灣老人認知功能與休閒運動環境之相關性

The Association between Recreational and Physical Activity Environments and Cognition Function of Elders in Taiwan

黃琳媛(Lin-Yuan Huang) ； 江博煌(Po-Huang Chiang) ； 鄒惠貞(Hui-Chen Tsou) ； 張晏甄(Yen-Chen Chang) ； 葉信伶(Hsin-Ling Yeh) ； 徐尚為(Shang-Wei Hsu) ； 詹大千(Ta-Chien Chan) ； 蘇明道(Ming-Daw Su)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 13卷1&2期 (2017/12) Pp. 22-36

摘要

認知功能障礙是老人常見心理健康問題之一，鄰里環境的優劣與老人健康有密切關係。本研究旨在探討休閒運動環境與老人認知功能之相關性，利用國民營養健康狀況變遷調查（NAHSIT 2005-2008）資料庫，以65歲以上老人居住之鄉鎮市區為空間單元，進行居住地區休閒運動環境與其認知功能狀態之分析，老人認知功能狀態以簡易心智狀態問卷調查表（SPMSQ）進行評估。研究結果發現，周圍環境中健身中心的密度越高時，老人認知功能越佳（β值=0.062, P＜0.05），而活動中心與休閒公園密度高時也有相同之結果（β值=0.007, P＜0.001; β值=0.008, P＜0.05）。本研究結果顯示社區老人透過休閒運動空間較高的暴露，提高身體活動與社交機會，可能達到緩解認知功能障礙問題之作用。

關鍵字

認知障礙 ； 社區環境 ； 運動 ； 老年人 ； 健康

並列摘要

Cognitive impairment is one of the common mental health problems among elderly. The quality of the neighborhood environment is closely related to the health of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between recreational and physical activity environments and the cognitive function of the elderly. According to the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan database (NAHSIT 2005-2008), the participants in the township of over 65 years old was used as a spatial unit to conduct the recreational environment with the analysis of cognitive status. The cognitive status of the elderly was evaluated by the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). The results showed that the cognitive function of the elderly was better (β= 0.062, P ＜0.05) when the density of fitness center in the surroundings was higher, and the same result was found when the density of community activity center and park were high (β=0.007, P＜0.001; β value=0.008, P＜0.05). This study shows that the elderly in the community may be able to alleviate the cognitive problems through higher exposure to leisure activities, physical activity and social opportunities.

並列關鍵字

Cognitive impairment ； neighborhood environments ； physical activity ； elderly ； health