中高齡軍人針對活躍老化識能與實踐初探：焦點團體訪談研究

An Exploratory Study on Health Literacy and Practice of Active Ageing among Middle-Aged Military Personnel: The Use of Focus Group Method

林金皇(Jin-Huang Lin) ； 林藍萍(Lan-Ping Lin) ； 林金定(Jin-Ding Lin)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 18卷1&2期 (2022/12) Pp. 1-13

摘要

世界衛生組織倡導「活躍老化」三大面向－健康、參與、安全，以提升高齡長者的生活品質。本研究目的在於深入探討中高齡軍人對於活躍老化識能情形，著重研究參與者對活躍老化之認知、理解與運用等。以立意取樣選取年齡為45～65歲（平均年齡為47.6歲）中高齡男性現役軍人共20位，以訪談大綱為研究工具進行2次焦點團體訪談。研究結果發現大多數研究對象未曾聽過及接觸過「活躍老化」相關概念，但經過互動後受訪者認為活躍老化是可行的，表示身體不要退化，凡事不要太在乎，希望能終身學習、持續發展人際關係、退伍後希望能持續工作、積極安排休閒活動、保持強健的體魄能等正向老化的態度。在活躍老化識能方面，多數受訪者均表示不論是現在、退伍或是老年時候，健康是最優先重要的：自覺「自覺健康最要緊」的態度，以及落實「維持良好運動、飲食習慣，遠離三高」的決心，但尚未面臨老化問題，落實策略有待提升。本研究建議研究對象在活躍老化－健康識能上一般而言是觀念正確，但暗藏隱憂，如何輔導與積極落實活躍老化的實踐，有待進一步的追蹤研究。

關鍵字

活躍老化 ； 健康老化 ； 健康識能 ； 中高齡軍人

並列摘要

The World Health Organization advocates three aspects of ＂active aging＂-health, participation and safety, to improve the quality of life of the elderly. The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the health literacy of active aging among middle-aged and elderly soldiers, focusing on the participants' cognition, understanding and application of active aging. A total of 20 middle-aged male active duty soldiers aged 45-65 years (average age: 47.6 years) were selected by intentional sampling, and two focus group interviews were conducted using the interview outline as a research tool. The results of the study found that most of the research subjects had never heard of or had contact with the concept of ＂active aging＂, but after the interaction, the interviewees believed that active aging was feasible, and said that the physical body should not degenerate, and should take it easy in their daily livings. Positive aging attitudes such as developing interpersonal relationships, wishing to continue working after discharge, actively arranging leisure activities, and maintaining a strong physical health are the important parts for future healthy ageing. In terms of active aging awareness, most of the respondents said that health is the most important priority, whether it is now, retired or in old age. The determination to stay away from the metabolic syndrome (chronic diseases), but has not yet faced the problem of aging, and the implementation strategy needs to be improved. This study suggests that the research subjects generally have correct concepts on active aging-health awareness, but there are hidden concerns. How to counsel and actively implement the practice of active aging for this group of people needs further follow-up research.

並列關鍵字

Active aging ； healthy aging ； healthy literacy ； middle-aged soldier