探討消防人員職家衝突、社會支持與身心健康之關係

An Exploration of the Firefighters' Conflicts From Work and Family, and Their Correlation Between Social Support and Physical-Mental Health

高婉琪(Wan-Chi Kao) ； 宋素卿(Su-Ching Sung) ； 董道興(Tao-Hsin Tung) ； 謝宜樺(Yi-Hua Hsieh)

《精神衛生護理雜誌》 14卷2期 (2019/12) Pp. 5-19

https://doi.org/10.6847/TJPMHN.201912_14(2).01

摘要

背景：國內消防人員因人力有限、輪班、執勤業務繁重，常導致消防人員因工作與家庭在時間分配及角色轉換間產生衝突，進而影響身心健康。目的：本研究目的為探討消防人員職家衝突、社會支持與身心健康之相關性，並分析社會支持的調節效果。方法：以自填問卷調查方式調查台北市消防局共377位消防人員。研究工具包括職家衝突量表、社會支持量表與華人健康量表。結果：約43.2%消防人員有身心健康狀況不良。迴歸分析發現婚姻、職位、職家衝突中的「工作－家庭衝突」及「家庭－工作衝突」為影響身心健康重要因子。社會支持中的「家人支持」可調節「工作－家庭衝突」的功能，降低身心健康不良狀況。結論／實務應用：消防人員的身心健康議題應被重視，家人支持可調節職家衝突，降低身心健康不良狀況。因此，主管機關應了解家人支持的重要性，重視消防人員與家庭間的可能衝突並主動關懷及適時調解，以提升消防人員的身心健康。

關鍵字

消防人員 ； 身心健康 ； 社會支持 ； 職家衝突

並列摘要

Background: Due to the limited manpower, work shifts, and heavy on-duty tasks, domestic firefighters often encounter many conflicts from their work, family's time allocation, and role transition that affect their physical and mental health. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the firefighters' encountered conflicts from work-family, social support, physical and mental health, and as well as their correlation with each other in order to better analyze a potential adjustment effect and give social support. Methods: A total of 377 firefighters from the Taipei City Fire Department were enrolled in this study provided with several self-administered questionnaires which included the work-family conflict scale, social support scale, and Chinese health scale. Results: About 43.2% of firefighters showed poor physical and mental health. Based on the hierarchical regression analysis, the impact factors must have included marital status, job position, and the ＂work-family conflict＂ and ＂family-work＂ conflict＂ subscales of work-family conflict. In addition, ＂family support＂ subscale of social support can mitigate ＂work-family conflict＂, and improve physical and mental health. Conclusions/Implications for practice: The physical and mental health issues of firefighters should be treated seriously. Family support can mitigate family conflicts and improve firefighters' physical and mental health. Therefore, the capable authorities should understand the importance of family support, pay more attention to some possibly overseen conflicts between firefighters and their families, and take active care and timely mediation to help improve the mental and physical health of firefighters.

並列關鍵字

firefighters ； physical and mental health ； social support ； work-family conflict

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