波蘭漢學研究的過去與現況

Polish Sinological Studies: The Past and Present

魏思齊(Zbigniew Wesolowski SVD)

《漢學研究集刊》 13期 (2011/12) Pp. 53-96

https://doi.org/10.7045/YJCS.201112.0054

摘要

導論：波蘭歷史概括及波蘭漢學在歐洲漢學歷史的脈絡壹、波蘭傳教士漢學（17世紀）貳、波蘭第二共和以來的漢學研究發展（1918-1939）参、波蘭作為社會主義國家中的漢學研究（1945-1990）肆、波蘭第三共和（1990 年1 月16 日）以來至今的漢學研究發展結論附錄：一：華裔學志研究院在國際學術坊有關三位波蘭籍耶穌會中國傳教士二：Janusz Chmielewski （1916-1998）的《華裔學志》訃聞三：馬雷凱生平簡介（Roman Malek, S.V.D.）

關鍵字

漢學 ； 波蘭漢學 ； 歐洲傳教士漢學

並列摘要

The article ”Polish Sinological Studies: The Past and Present” presents a historical survey on sinology in Poland. Offering valuable background for Polish history, the author depicts four developmental stages of Polish sinology. The stages are as follows. 1) Missionary sinology in 17(superscript th) century Poland, in which the research focuses primarily on the activities of the three Polish Jesuits in China: Michał Boym, Jan Mikołaj Smogulecki, and Andrzej Rudomina. 2) Sinological research during the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939), during which period the prominent figures were Jan Godzimir Jaworski (Chinese Buddhism) and Witold Andrzej Jabłoński (Chinese history, classics). At this time, French sinology exerted a dominant influence upon Polish sinological studies. 3) Sinological research during the rule of socialism in Poland (1945-1990), especially featuring prominent figures such as Janusz Chmielewski (Chinese logic) and Mieczysław Jerzy Künstler (Chinese culture and language). This period was characterized by a friendly relationship with the People's Republic of China, which came to fruition in the form of exchanges of language teachers and the securing of various sinological materials. Many Polish diplomats in China who later made careers in sinological studies also emerged. 4) The development of sinological research in the Third Republic of Poland (since January 16, 1990), which occurred with the flourishing of major centers of contemporary sinology in Poland. These centers include places such as Warszawa (the Warsaw University), Poznań (especially the Adam Mickiewicz University), and Kraków (with special focus on the Jagiellonian University). Centers such as these stimulated the contributions of a variety of important scholars. In addition, the author mentions four Confucius Institutes in Poland which were founded at four Polish universities, the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, the Opole University of Technology, and the University of Wrocław. The establishment of these institutes has continued to stimulate and inspire interest in the language and culture of China. In his conclusion, the author adds important information on relevant subject matter (Polish sinologists abroad, for example) and elaborates on the overall background of European sinology (Chinese studies). This portion of the paper especially emphasizes the increasingly pragmatic and market-oriented development of academic studies in Poland, particularly in the humanities (inclusive of sinology) which is contra-productive to genuine growth in an academic discipline. (Thus, it appears possible for sinology to sacrifice its precious classical dimension in a more ”popular” push to focus on contemporary sinological issues.) In order to gain broader acceptance, and attract wider acknowledgement, many Polish sinologists tend to use English more often in publishing their research. At the same time, it must be said, however, that this phenomenon also facilitates a high level of internationalization of academic projects and cooperation.

並列關鍵字

sinology ； sinology in Poland ； missionary sinology in Europe ； Polish Chinese studies