社區發展的反思：風土倫理的觀點

本文以社區發展產生的異化現象與地方真實性與獨特性的爭議為思考起點，探索地方上的異質性行動者在共同體中的主體性思考。主要參採日本哲學家和辻哲郎的風土學說做為分析取徑，將風土放在社區和地方性的討論脈絡中，探究人的存在方式與風土的關係。風土學說主張人類的社會存在乃是受到時間與空間所制約，人的行為樣式亦是與風土的具體交涉中產生。另進一步透過存有哲學的理路形塑自我概念的「風土倫理」做為一種反思路線，對照社群主義的發展一窺風土論述得以深化的理論與根據。最後藉由風土論述對於社區發展的異化與真實性提出反身性的辯證；跳脫地方文化偏見與符號建構，凸顯地方殊同性；強調個人的主觀與整體性，更重視地方社會文化變遷的觀照，期能逐漸累積形成一股論述的能量，做為地方以風土做為發展之本的補充途徑。

關鍵字

社區發展；社區營造；風土；風土倫理

並列摘要

This paper aims to explore the subjectivity of local heterogeneous actors in the community from the perspective of alienation arising from community development and the disputes over local authenticity and uniqueness. In terms of research structure, the author mainly uses the Fudo theory of Japanese philosopher Tsuji Tetsuro as an analytical approach, trying to put Fudo in the context of community and local discussion, and explore the relationship between human existence and Fudo. The Fudo theory holds that the social existence of human beings is restricted by time and space, and the behavior pattern of human beings is also generated in the concrete negotiation with Fudo. This paper further explores the theory and basis for the elaboration of Fudo. Finally, this paper puts forward the reflection of community determinism, and puts forward the reflexive dialectic of alienation and authenticity of community development through the discussion of local conditions. Breaking away from local cultural prejudice and symbol construction, highlighting local uniqueness, it emphasizes personal subjectivity and wholeness and pays more attention to the observation of local social and cultural changes, so as to gradually accumulate and form an energy of discussion as a supplementary approach to the epistemology of local studies.

並列關鍵字

Community Development ； Community Construction ； Fudo ； the ethics of Fudo

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