遮光程度對粗肋草‘極光’和‘亞曼尼’植株生育及葉斑表現之影響

The Effects of Shading Level on Growth and Variegation Performance of Aglaonema 'Siam Aurora' and 'Anyamanee'

蔡仁豪(Jen-Hao Tsai) ； 黃倉海(Chang-Hai Huang)

《臺灣園藝》 65卷4期 (2019/12) Pp. 205-220

摘要

不同光強度會造成斑葉植物的植株型態改變及葉斑形成的差異，本研究探討紅葉色系粗肋草於不同遮光程度下的生育影響及葉斑的表現。‘極光’在80%遮陰處理（正午最高平均光強度為480 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)）下側芽數最多；遮光70%（正午最高平均光強度為664 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)）條件下，葉片厚度及莖直徑較遮光60%（正午最高平均光強度為824 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)）及90%（正午最高平均光強度為334 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)）處理為厚。以遮光60-80%之處理，地上部及地下部鮮乾重皆較90%遮光處理高。澱粉濃度以遮光80%處理為最高。‘亞曼尼＇之側芽數及根數以栽培於遮光70%之環境較遮光90%多，另地下部鮮重、乾重及可溶性固形物濃度亦最佳。‘極光’之葉綠素含量隨著遮光程度提高而上升；葉綠素a/b比值隨著遮光程度從90%降低至70%而隨之提高；而‘亞曼尼’總葉綠素及葉綠素b含量隨著遮光程度由80%降低至60%而隨之提高，葉綠素a/b比值隨著遮光程度由80%降低至60%而隨之減少。‘極光’葉片紅色面積占葉面積之比例以80%處理為最高，60%處理為最低，兩者有顯著差異；‘亞曼尼’葉片紅色面積占葉面積之比例在70%、80%及90%遮光處理較60%處理為高。本研究結果顯示在遮光70%-80%之條件（480-664 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)光強度環境）下，對兩品種植株生長的表現最佳，且葉片會產生高比例的紅色斑紋面積，此可供業者栽培之參考。

關鍵字

觀葉植物 ； 側芽 ； 鮮重 ； 乾重 ； 葉綠素含量 ； 葉面積

並列摘要

The plant characteristic and variegation would be affected by shading. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various shading levels on plant growth and variegation performance of aglaonema 'Siam Aurora' and 'Anyamanee'. Results show that 'Siam Aurora' had the most lateral buds at 80% shading treatment (480 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1) at midday). The leaf thickness and stem diameter were bigger at 70% shading treatment (664 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1) at midday) than 60% (824μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1) at midday) and 90% (334 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1) at midday) shadings. The fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots were higher at 60-80% shading than 90% shading treatment. The highest starch concentration was measured with the shading of 80% for 'Siam Aurora'. The 'Anyamanee' plants exhibited more lateral buds and roots at 70% shading than 90% shading treatment. Also, the fresh and dry weight of roots and soluble solids concentration was the highest at 70% shading treatment. The chlorophyll content of 'Siam Aurora' increased with increasing shading levels. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b increased with decreasing shading from 90% to 70% for 'Siam Aurora'. However, the total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll b content of 'Anyamanee' increased as the shading level decreased from 80% to 60%. The ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b decreased as the shading level decreased from 80% to 60% for 'Anyamanee'. The ratio of the red leaf portion of 'Siam Aurora' was the highest at 80% shading treatment while the lowest with 60% treatment. The 80% shading treatment was significantly different from the 60% treatment. The ratio of the red leaf portion of 70%, 80%, and 90% shading treatments was higher than the 60% treatment for 'Anyamanee'. The results showed that 70-80% (480-664 μmol．m^(-2)．s^(-1)) was suitable for the growth performance of two cultivars, with a high proportion of red leaf portion. The results could be used as a reference for cultivation.

並列關鍵字

foliage plant ； lateral bud ； fresh weight ； dry weight ； chlorophyll content ； leaf area