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論《黃帝內經》為中醫首本傳世醫著之謬誤

Dissertating the Fallacy of "Yellow Emperor of Chinese Medicine" as the Original Medical Record of TCM

摘要


許多現行的中醫書籍,無不推崇《黃帝內經》為中國現存最早中醫理論專書,四大經典之一,總結了春秋、戰國(公元前770-公元前221年)至秦漢的醫療經驗和學術理論。然而,此種說法容易讓後世新學中醫者產生誤解,以為兩千多年來中醫所有理論、治療技巧的演化和傳承都是遵循《黃帝內經》這本首傳醫著而來,這樣的理解是謬誤的。公元前11世紀,周公制《周禮》,在《周禮》中明訂周朝宮廷設置醫師、食醫、疾醫、瘍醫、獸醫大約五六十人的設置,醫師具備十全治病能力高者為上士,十次錯治四次者,下士。《史記‧禮書》周衰,禮廢樂壞,大小相踰...,至秦有天下,悉內六國禮儀,采擇其善,雖不合聖制,其尊君抑臣,朝廷濟濟,依古以來。至于高祖,光有四海,叔孫通頗有所增益減損,大抵皆襲秦故。秦朝、漢朝皆承襲舊制,都有宮廷龐大醫官治療團設置。既然公元前11世紀的周朝就有醫師體制以及規範,斷然不會沒有任何醫術即有五種醫官詳細編制。因此,公元前770年左右成書的《黃帝內經》只能視為至今保持比較完善的傳世醫學巨著,而非總結中醫歷史起源的源頭。

並列摘要


Lots of existing Chinese medicine books, all praised the ”Yellow Emperor” of Chinese medicine theory, the oldest book of TCM history. It summarizes the Spring and Autumn Warring States Period (BC 770 - 221 BC) to the Qin and Han dynasties of TCM medical experiences and academic theories. However, this argument is easy to let the new generations who have misunderstood while study traditional Chinese medicine11th century BC, the Duke of Zhou, Ji Dan, system the great palace ritual book ”ZhouLi”, physician, food health medicine men, disease medicine men, ulcer medicine men, veterinary medicine men, approximately fifty to sixty people set in the palace, clearly detail the responsibilities of each medical officer. The Qin and Han dynasties palace were toward the old system to follow. Since the 11th century BC, the Zhou Dynasty had physician system and norms, can not be without medical rationale but five categories medical officer elaboration.Thus, the book ”Yellow Emperor” of Chinese medicine theory can only be regarded as handed down so far to maintain a relatively complete medical masterpiece, rather than summarize the history of the origins of Chinese Medicine.

並列關鍵字

Huang Di Nei Jing Qin medicine Han medicine TCM

參考文獻


方滿錦(2009)。近二十年研究《黃帝內經》與先秦諸子學說關係之文獻述評。北京化工大學學報(社會科學版)。2009(4),40-45。
司馬遷(西漢)史記。
姬旦,(公元前11 世紀),周官。
何敏、曹英(2006)。從周禮看中國古代醫事制度。遼寧中醫藥大學學報。8(5),26-27。
郭鳳鵬(2008)。先秦漢代中醫生態醫學思想初探。學院新化雜誌。2008(6)

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