中俄石油競合策略：東北亞區域

2005年七月G8 (the Group of Eight, G8)高峰會議，美國總統布希對於全球原油價格飆漲現象，歸責於亞洲發展中國家能源需求，卻同時與西方國家呼籲俄羅斯能夠持續供油於全球能源市場，以確保全球經濟穩定。俄羅斯能源實力在 G8 舞台上充分發揮。相較之下，中國在1993年成為原油淨輸入國後，欲以兩種資源、兩個市場策略維護其能源安全，而構築中俄間能源互易之基礎。然俄羅斯東北亞區域能源潛力，早於冷戰前期受到注意，為日本、南韓與國際原油公司介入。中國與俄羅斯，各自皆將能源需求一事視為發展經濟成長要素，一方面又將其視為對外關係發展手段。惟二者在地緣政治利益，與地緣經濟發展程度，各有不同評估與衝突顯現。因此不論從戰略或市場途徑看特，中俄雙方原油及能源合作決策，充分顯現出現實主義論點。

關鍵字

基礎能源；石油；地緣政治；西伯利亞；庫頁島

並列摘要

In July 2005, the G8 nations expected to tackle the high and volatile oil prices after the leaders of G8 members. The U.S. President Bush imputed the floating oil prices to the demand from Asia new industrializing countries, especially China and India. The G8 members intended to prevent the skyrocketing oil prices from threatening the economic growth, and wished that Russia would play a positive role in the global energy market. Russia has showed its potential to affect the world economy by the oil. By contrast, China has been the net oil importer since 1993, and applied the strategy of ”two resources, two markets” to increase the oil support from Russia. But many transnational corporations have been interested in abundant energy of Russia Far Eastern and Siberia region before the end of Cold War. China has faced competitors in the great game of East-North Asia since it started new deal with Russia in 1990's. Furthermore, both China and Russia consider oil as an instrument to develop their own economic growth, and attempt to promote their own geopolitics profit. Conflicts exist in geo-economics and geo-politics between China and Russia. Unless China may meet the interests of Russia further, it can lose the great game in East-North Asia. Because Russia decides to build multilateral or global oil net, not bilateral, which China expected. China-Russia energy relationship may be a case of the view of realism.