The Historical and Exegetical Context of Luther's Trinitarian Exposition of the Hebrew Bible as Exemplified by His Study of Deuteronomy 4:7

路德對希伯來聖經所作的三一式解釋的歷史和解經脈絡：以其對申命記四章7節的研究為例

岳誠軒(Matthew Oseka)

《漢語基督教學術論評》 21期 (2016/06) Pp. 47-96

摘要

The present paper explores the historical and exegetical context of Luther's trinitarian exposition of the plural form of the adjective qualifying the generic name of God in Deuteronomy 4:7. Granted that Deuteronomy 4:7 utilises only one of several plural forms applied to the Divine and adduced by Luther as proof of the presence of the trinitarian concept within the Hebrew Bible, the function of that biblical passage in his trinitarian argumentation from the Tanakh was examined. To display typical features of Luther's use of Hebrew scholarship in favour of the Patristic trinitarian and christological doctrines, his statements about the reliability of the Masoretic vocalisation were outlined and his views on the Jewish religion and on the Jewish people were discussed.

關鍵字

Hebrew Bible ； Martin Luther ； Reformation hermeneutics ； Hebrew Studies ； Christian Concept of Trinity

並列摘要

本文探究路德對申命記四章7節中形容神的全稱名字的複數形式形容詞所作的三一性解釋的歷史與解經脈絡。假設申命記四章7節只是使用上帝的幾個複數形式之一，並且路德由此得出希伯來聖經中三一概念出現的證據，本文將檢視該段經文在他的三一論證中的功能。為展示路德為支持早期教父的三一論和基督論教義的典型特徵，本文將列舉他關於馬索拉拼音的可靠性的論述，並且將討論他對猶太宗教和猶太人的觀點。

並列關鍵字

希伯來聖經 ； 馬丁路德 ； 宗教改革詮釋學 ； 希伯來研究 ； 基督教的三一觀念

參考文獻

Aaron ben Joseph and Joseph Solomon ben Moses Lutski. .ספר המבחר וטוב המסחר Eupatoria: Finkelman, 1835.

Abraham ibn Ezra. Commentary on Isaiah. Vol. 3. Edited by Michael Friedländer. London: Society of Hebrew Literature, 1877.

Abraham ibn Ezra. A Commentary on the Book of Proverbs. Edited by Samuel Rolles Driver. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1880.

Abraham ibn Daud Halevi. Das Buch Emunah Ramah oder der erhabene Glaube. Edited and translated by Simson Weil. Frankfurt am Main: Typographische Anstalt, 1852.

Albo, Joseph. ספר העקרים . Warsaw: Goldman, 1870.