無人飛行載具從事台灣災區搜救任務之飛安問題研究

Safety Risk on Rescue Mission Using UAV in Taiwan

盧衍良(Alex Y. L Lu) ； 林清一(Chin E. Lin) ； 邱釋輝(S. H. Chiu)

《航空太空及民航學刊.系列B》 44卷1期 (2012/04) Pp. 21-29

https://doi.org/10.6124/JAAA.201204_44(1).03

摘要

近十餘年來，無人飛行載具（UAV）之研究發展已在世界各國蓬勃發展，其低成本與高機動特性已使其逐漸具備取代有人航空器從事特殊任務工作之條件，從主要使用於軍事用途上，逐漸轉移至環境監測、農／漁業應用及危險任務等民生範疇。鑒於國內尚無以UAV從事救災支援之工作，可供參考資料甚少且多為法規文字資料，加以目前從事者亦不多，不利於以量化研究呈現，本研究遂針對UAV投入重大災害現場參與救災之可行性與安全議題進行政策性質化研究，先就我國現行搜救組織、現有法規、體制及運作方式等進行研討，並以我國現有救災機制－內政部空中勤務總隊之搜救作業進行探討；其次導入UAV支援搜救任務所可能造成的影響，對其應用於搜救任務上的可行性及其優缺點進行分析；最後，本研究從管理的角度著墨UAV投入救災體系的安全管理與規劃問題，從參閱比較國內外所制定相關UAV的法規文獻，探討在導入UAV支援搜救任務可能造成的衝擊與解決方式，以期促成提高搜救的效率、降低人員的傷亡與迅速掌握災情進行之運作模式在台發展。

關鍵字

無人飛行載具 ； 空中搜救任務 ； 內政部空勤總隊

並列摘要

Researches and development in the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have been rising and flourishing worldwide over decades. In view of its features of cost efficiency and mobility taking the place of traditional ones, the application of UAV already goes beyond military use to other categories such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, fishing, and even the execution of exceptionally hazardous missions. Highlighting the feasibility and safety issues upon putting UAV into calamity salvage, to begin with, this study investigated existing rescuing regulations, framework, executive body-National Airborne Service Corps, Ministry of the Interior (NASC)- and its mechanism. Afterward, impact upon UAV's sustaining role along with its implementing edge and flaw were further analyzed. Ultimately, ”safety” is still the weight-bearing point. Holding safety management views, this study set forth administering and planning concerns about UAV's involvement into rescuing system through examining and comparing regulations as well as references for UAV domestically and globally. With the source of UAV, enhancing rescuing efficiency, rolling back casualties and commanding the effect of disasters are expecting merit to NASC.

並列關鍵字

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) ； Airborne rescue mission ； National Airborne Services Corps (NASC)