從晚清譯書書目的分類體系論晚清士人對西學類目的解讀與應對

16世紀末葉，隨著傳教士入華宣教，西方科學技術、思想文化開始相繼傳入中國。而自19世紀中葉以降，藉由翻譯西書學習西學更儼然成為中國欲求富強的必經之路。在譯書的大量積累與社會對西學的迫切需求下，出現了眾多的譯書書目。這些譯書書目的編纂者大多是中國士人中的菁英，當他們發現過往所使用的四部法無法有效接引西學後，其依據傳統解讀西學的詮釋也就非常複雜多樣。本文希望透過對譯書書目分類體系的初探，分析晚清士人因應西學改造中國傳統圖書分類體系的嘗試過程，以期作為進一步探究晚清「圖書史」的研究基礎。

關鍵字

西學；目錄學；譯書書目；分類體系

並列摘要

Modern science and Western thoughts were brought to China while missionaries arrived in the late 16th century. Learning Western Learning through translated books was the only manner that helps 19thcentury Chinese to build a strong and prosperous country. A number of translation bibliography specifically designed for translated books were invented as the demand for Western Learning and the number of translated books increased. These bibliographies were mainly developed by elite Chinese scholar, and they also found that traditional four-branch classification system could not cover Western Learning appropriately; this fact complicated classification systems for translation bibliography because scholars held different attitudes toward Western Learning. This paper analyzes the reformation of Chinese classification system in late-Qing by discussing the development of classification system for translation bibliography in that period, it also seeks to point out that this reformation helps people to conduct further research on the history of late-Qing books.