目的:探討大專籃球、排球選手知覺運動動機氣候、自主性、運動自信心來源和運動自信心的關係。方法:以364名大專籃球、排球選手為研究對象,於非競賽情境填寫個人基本資料以及運動員自信心來源量表、知覺運動動機氣候量表、自主性量表和運動自信心量表;所得結果以多元逐步迴歸和結構方程模式加以分析。結果:動機氣候的六個分量表(合作學習、重要角色、努力/進步、錯誤懲罰、不公平認知及隊內競爭)大多都能正向預測運動自信心來源;自主性對運動自信心來源的預測力不高。而隊內競爭和自主性能正向預測三種運動自信心(身體技術/訓練的信心、認知效率的信心及回復力的信心)。在動機氣候、自主性、自信心來源與運動自信心關係的適配度方面,所觀察的資料是適度吻合理論模式,潛在變項之間也有適度的關聯性。結論:自主性越高的運動員似乎會傾向於以較不可控制的訊息來源當作自信心的基礎,與運動技術水準有關;而精熟取向的動機氣候能使團隊成員同時去運用可控制和不可控制的訊息來源;競爭取向的動機氣候則是會鼓勵成員去使用較不可控制的訊息來源。本研究亦根據結果對未來的研究方向提出建議。
Purpose: This study examined the relationships between perceived motivational climate, autonomy, sources of sport confidence and sport confidence in college basketball and volleyball players. Methods: Three hundred and sixty-four college basketball and volleyball athletes were recruited to complete a battery of questionnaires, including motivational climate, autonomy, sources of sport confidence, and sport confidence, during the resting period of practice. Data were further analyzed by the multiple regression analyses and structural equation modeling. Results: Perceived motivational climate was found a positive predictor of sources of sport confidence; however, autonomy was not an effective predictor. Further, intra-team member rivalry and autonomy positively predicted sport confidence, such as physical technique/training, cognition and resilience confidences. Adequate fit was reached based on the model of the relationships between motivational climate, autonomy, sources of confidence and sport-confidence. Conclusion: Athletes who are more autonomic attend to utilize uncontrollable information for developing their confidence due to the influence of skill levels. Mastery-oriented motivational climate enhances team members to use both controllable and uncontrollable information sources of confidence. Based on the findings, this study proposes suggestions for future research.