- 期刊
紐西蘭體育師資培育制度之探究
The physical education teacher education system in New Zealand
摘要
目的：因紐西蘭在國際學生評量成績（PISA）表現亮眼，運動場上能與體育強國並駕齊驅，在師資培育變革之背景亦與我國相似。故本文分析體育師資培育發展背景、體育師資培育課程與體育教師資格取得與維持。方法： 本研究將以坎特伯里大學（University of Canterbury）及奧克蘭大學（University of Auckland）為例，兩所學校皆為該國培育師資的重鎮，奧克蘭大學名列紐西蘭國際百大學校之一，而坎特伯里大學更有全國最完善的師資培育系統，培育多種教師人才，故，以此作為本研究的代表並加以介紹與分析。結果：發現其具有四大特色：一、體育師資培育課程納入批判價值模式，以研究與實習交錯之方式進行教學。二、強調多元文化共榮之友善學習環境。三、注重體育教師多元領域專業技能培養。四、體育教師證書分為三種類型，並設有效期限3年之循環制度。結論：綜上所述，提供給我國體育師資培育的相關啟示：一、批判思考與研究─實習交錯的培養模式造就教師問題解決能力。二、建立多元文化價值觀念。三、跨領域的師資培育模式培養多元能力的體育教師。四、嚴謹的師資評鑑模式促進體育教師持續的專業成長。
並列摘要
Purpose: New Zealand has excellent performance on both the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and on the sports, while its background of Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) reform is similar to Taiwan. This article analyzes the development background of PETE, PETE Programs, as well as obtaining and maintaining qualification of physical education teachers. Methods: Case studies on the University of Canterbury and the University of Auckland are discussed in this paper. Both of the universities mentioned are the key players of teacher education. The University of Auckland is on the list of the world's top 100 univerisities and the University of Canterbury has the most comprehensive teacher education system, training a variety of teachers. In consequence, case studies on these two universities are introduced and analyzed in this paper. Results: Four characteristics were found: 1. PETE Programs in New Zealand incorporate Critical Pedagogy. Teachers teach in an alternating manner with both research and practice; 2. Emphasize multicultural collaborative friendly learning environment; 3. Physical education teachers are trained in other disciplines besides physical education; 4. There are three types of physical education teacher certificate, and each type of certificate has a renewal system of a 3-year validity period. Conclusion: Enlightenment for Taiwan's PETE: 1. Critical thinking and alternating training of research-practice cultivate physical education teacher's problem-solving ability; 2. The establishment of multicultural education system; 3. Interdisciplinary program trains physical education teachers to have multiple capabilities; 4. A strict evaluation system of teacher's qualification promotes teachers' professional development.