A series of oxetane liquid crystal monomers containing tolane mesogenic groups having spacers of different lengths were synthesized and polymerized by cationic ring-opening polymerization to obtain four side-chain liquid crystals polyoxanes containing tolane mesogenic side groups. The chemical structure, thermal properties and liquid crystalline phase of the liquid crystal monomers and polymers were measured by NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimeter and polarized light microscopy.