楊氏太極劍譜集粹歸整－探討劍譜招式與動作的名實對應

目的：探討楊氏太極劍譜中的名稱與動作的名實對應關係，藉以考察太極劍的「顯」與「隱」的問題，並整理出一份符合楊氏太極劍原有風貌，擁有詳實而完整的太極劍譜。方法：以十一份楊氏第四代傳人及其再傳弟子所留下的太極劍譜及其動作內容作為研究對象，探討諸傳世劍譜的異同，對劍譜招式名稱的文字，進行理解、分析、比對、整合。結果：本研究採用現存劍譜中較為細膩的劍式劃分，保存楊氏太極劍原有風貌，對劍譜中隱藏性的招式名稱，盡可能地還原，並給予應有的名位，同一劍式如有不同的名稱，則盡可能地加以保留，以彰顯太極劍譜所富藏的意象與表徵，並藉此產生一份集粹歸整後的楊氏太極劍譜。結論：太極劍的「顯」，從劍譜及動作內容，保存高度的傳承門風可見其「顯」貌。太極劍的「隱」，則在「隱藏性劍招」、「左右式劍招之隱」等處探「隱」。太極劍式是一動作連貫的肢體操演，乃一連續性的訊息流出，而劍招名稱則屬於非連續性的名義指稱，因此劍譜中的名稱與動作的名實之間，必然存在「顯」與「隱」的結果。根據討論結果，整理出一份詳實而完整的六十四式楊氏太極劍譜。

關鍵字

太極劍；劍譜；楊氏太極

並列摘要

Purpose: By exploring the correspondence between titles and movements in different Yang-style Taichi sword manuals, this essay attempts to map out the issue of (dis) appearance in order to compile a more authentic and complete version. Method: Eleven sword manuals handed down from the fourth generations of the Yangs and their disciples are taken as the major object for analysis by comparing and contrasting their slightly different appellations of movements. Result: Through a detailed tracing of different movement in accordance with different title, we can recuperate many ”disappeared” titles in some versions to its assumed original form. By disclosing these ”disappeared” titles, this study helps to re-designate each movement with a definite and separate title in a more complete, organized way and thus to further foreground the subtlety and richness of images and symbols implied in the assumed original Yang-style Taichi sword manual. Conclusion: The ellipsis of certain titles comes chiefly from the discrepancy between ”title” or ”name” as a separate and distinct appellation in language and ”movement” as a continuous and flowing bodily process that cannot be cut into separate and distinct namings or linguistic designations. By restoring the omissions of certain titles through a comprehensive analysis of title-movement correspondence in different versions, a Yang-style Taichi sword manual in sixty-four movements is finalized at the end of this essay.