《纂異記》所表述「自我實現」中之文人意識

The mentality of Tang Dynasty literati in the course of their self-realization as reflected in Zuan Yi Ji

黃東陽(Huang Tung-Yang)

《興大中文學報》 39期 (2016/06) Pp. 79-107

摘要

本文以李玫《纂異記》作為研究文本，嘗試梳理出唐代文人在實現自我的歷程中，如何看待及面對當時社會所施加在此階級的要求與期望。就文人自我實踐的歷程而言，李玫以為具備了理解社會發展規律的能力，才得以居於大傳統中的社會核心，可運用政治的權力，開展入世利他的職責，並且已理解此職責亦是文人生命的目的；惟李玫在現實的實踐中，卻落入科考失利和政黨傾軋的困境裡而無法自脫，徹底喪失了仕進的機會，致使李玫必須重新尋得人生的意義。就困頓的詮釋方式來看，李玫將自己屢次科考不中的失敗，歸咎於當時科舉制度被價值偏差的政治集團所把持結果，以迴避來自外在及自我的批評壓力；在絕意仕進下，則試圖用重新回到自己原有倫理關係中的身份，與開始關注宗教信仰對生命的詮釋，另尋人生的價值，由入世而趨向出世。是書完整的記錄文人從初始投身試場，意欲藉由出仕成就自我的價值，其後總失意於場屋後，更易了原來汲汲於入世的人生目標，轉向於出世的心路歷程。

關鍵字

李玫 ； 《纂異記》 ； 唐傳奇 ； 文人心理 ； 文化論述

並列摘要

This paper used Zuan Yi Ji by Li Mei in an attempt to sort out the course of self-realization in Tang Dynasty literati, the demand and expectation of the society on them. First, in terms of the journey for literati to realize self-value, Li Mei thought that having excellent insight of history would enable one to enter the core of power and use the political power (might) to achieve ＂altruistic＂ duty which is also the value of life of a literati. But in the real world, Li Wei was trapped in the predicament of failing the imperial examinations and power struggle in the government, unable to escape and totally lost his opportunity of entering upon an official career .and had to research on the meaning of life. Second, in terms of the way of explanation of his meeting difficulties in life, Li Mei thought that his repeated failure in the imperial examinations was due to the domination of the examinations by political group with deviated value. Therefore, after giving up his intention in the official career, Li Mei tried to stay home and started to pay close attention to the religious explanation of life and look for the value of life of man.

並列關鍵字

Li Mei ； Zuan Yi Ji ； Tang legend ； mentality of literati ； culture discussion

參考文獻

唐李玫、王夢鷗輯校(1997)。唐人小說研究：纂異記與傳奇校釋。臺北:藝文印書館。

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