《左傳》文詞釋讀七則

Explanations of Seven Phrases in the Zuozhuan

黃聖松(Huang, Sheng-Sung)

《興大中文學報》 45期 (2019/06) Pp. 1-27

摘要

本文討論《左傳》七則文詞之重新釋讀：一、桓公二年（710 B.C.）《傳》「而況將昭違亂之賂器於大廟」之「將」可釋為「奉」，意為供奉、奉獻。二、閔公二年（660 B.C.）《傳》「握兵之要」與「兵要遠災」之「兵要」，「兵要」之意同於「金玦」，功能類似後世「虎符」，皆謂指揮調動軍隊之憑證。三、文公六年（621 B.C.）《傳》「治舊洿」，謂整治貪墨不廉。四、宣公十二年（597 B.C.）《傳》「三軍之士皆如挾纊」之「挾」當從「㚒」字之意，挾纊謂如絲綿置於衣內般溫暖。五、成公六年（585 B.C.）《傳》：「易覯則民愁，民愁則墊隘」之「愁」宜讀為「㵞」，因腹水積濕而形成「沈溺重膇之疾。」「墊隘」仍應以生理角度解之，當釋為「羸弱」為宜。六、襄公三十一年（542 B.C.）《傳》「隸人、牧、圉各瞻其事」之「瞻」應讀為「贍」，「各贍其事」即「各給其事」，「給事」者身分符合《傳》文所載「隸人、牧、圉」等地位卑下之人。七、昭公二十二年（520 B.C.）《傳》「使師偽糴者負甲以息於昔陽之門外」之「負甲」可讀為「伏甲」，為伏兵之意。

關鍵字

《左傳》 ； 文詞 ； 釋讀

並列摘要

This article aims to provide some new explanations of seven phrases in the Zuozhuan. (1) Second year of King Huan of Qi (710 B.C.): The word ＂jiāng＂ in the phrase ＂er kuang jiāng zhāo wei luan zhī lu qi yu da miao＂ can be explained as ＂feng,＂ a word refers to the verb ＂dedicate.＂ (2) Second year of King Min of Qi (660 B.C.): The expression ＂bīng yao＂ (as well as the term ＂jīn jue＂) in the phrase ＂wo bīng zhī yao＂ and ＂bīng yao yuǎn zāi＂ can be seen as being identical with ＂hǔ fu,＂ which refers to the imperial authorization for troop movement in ancient China. (3) Sixth year of King Wen of Qi (621 B.C.): The phrase ＂zhi jiu wū＂ means punishing officials who take bribes. (4) Twelfth year of King Xuan of Qi (597 B.C.): The word ＂xie＂ in the phrase ＂sān jūn zhī shi xie ru xie kuang＂ (597B.C.) can be read as ＂jiā,＂ referring to actions like stuffing cottons with the jackets to get warm. (5) Sixth year of King Cheng of Qi (585 B.C.): The word ＂chou＂ in the phrase ＂yi gou ze min chou＂ (585B.C) means one gets a disease after a long time ascites. The term ＂dian ai＂ should be understood in a physiological sense as ＂lei ruo,＂ which means one is thin and weak. (6) Thirty- First year of King Xiang of Qi (542 B.C.): The word ＂zhān＂ in the phrase ＂li ren, mu, yǔ ge zhān qi shi＂ can be pronounced as ＂shan,＂ which means the ruler is capable of assigning jobs according to the staffs with different talents. (7) Twenty-Second year of King Zhao of Qi (520 B.C.): The term ＂fu jiǎ＂ in the phrase ＂shǐ shī wěi di zhě fu jiǎ yǐ xī yu xī yang zhī men wai＂ should be pronounced as ＂fu jiǎ,＂ which means placing soldiers in an ambush.

並列關鍵字

Zuozhuan ； Phrases ； Explanations

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