李道純〈太極圖解〉的三教思想

元代道士李道純精研丹道，著作甚豐，後世對其討論多置於內丹修煉與三教合一，〈太極圖解〉為其注解周敦頤〈太極圖說〉之作，亦是李氏企圖以內丹思想詮解宇宙創生歷程，進而展現其以《易》會通三教的著述。周敦頤〈太極圖說〉本身已具有濃厚的道教色彩，李氏以內丹家的身分對此文本進行再詮釋，其與周氏論說之同異，以及吸納三教思想並融通於一之義理特色，乃本文欲討論之重點，文中將就「李道純論『無極而太極』」、「〈太極圖解〉以內丹逆反說明宇宙生成」、「〈太極圖解〉調和三教的新詮」三面相進行論說。

關鍵字

李道純；太極圖解；無極而太極；三教思想；內丹

並列摘要

As one of the religious Daoists in Yuan Dynasty, Li Daochun , who is also well known as an alchemist with a great number of academic writings, has mainly been appreciated in terms, not only of his practice concerning to inner alchemy, but of his thought that integrates three teachings, i.e. Confucianism, Daoism, an d Buddhism, into a whole, given the contributions that Li attempts in his Taiji Tujie (An Interpretation of Taiji Diagram) to explain the cosmic creation from the philosophical viewpoint of inner alchemy, and that his work on the integration of three teach ings through Yijing (The Book of Change). As an object of Li's study which is based on the thought of inner alchemy, Taiji Tushuo (A Theory of Taiji Diagram) written by Zhou Dunyi itself is of a style of religious Daoism, and it offers a foundation for thi s paper to discuss how Li's interperation is different from Zhou's origin, as well as how Li makes three teachings into a whole system. In short, what will be discussed in this paper are as follows: (1) Li Daochun on ＂The Ultimate of Non-being and also the Great Ultimate;＂ (2)An explanation of cosmic creation from the perspective of inner alchemy's reverse in Taiji Tujie; (3) A new interpretation of the integration of three teachings in Taiji Tujie.