生物技術在環境復育科技的前瞻思考

Perspectives of Biotechnology Applied in Bioremediation

袁紹英(S. Y. Yuan) ； 張碧芬(B. V. Chang)

《環球科技人文學刊》 12期 (2011/01) Pp. 64-73

https://doi.org/10.29932/JSTHTI.201101.0004

摘要

現代生物技術是生命科學及其他相關學科融和發展的高科技，廣泛應用在環境保護，在環境復育科技應用更被估以可節省環境清理費用數十億美元。目前在環境科技上之主要應用有：生物復育、清潔生產、生物製劑、污染處理等。近年來，生物技術在環境科技的應用已有許多成功實用的例子，例如低汙染高安全的微生物生物製劑的開發，利用微生物去除環境中的毒性物質與重金屬之生物復育技術，以及偵測病原微生物的基因探針等；而在環境檢測技術的應用也非常廣泛。本文回顧應用傳統與現代生物技術在新興汙染物去除（如環境賀爾蒙任基酚）進展，生物技術在環境保護研究及發展的前瞻方向；並對政府在生物技術發展提出看法。

關鍵字

新興汙染物 ； 生物復育技術 ； 生物降解

並列摘要

Biotechnology could be widely applied in the technological development of environmental protection. This report gives a brief review and perspectives on the major progress of environmental biotechnology focused on bioremediation for pollutants treatment. Bioremediation has been a rapidly growing area of science over the past decades. Natural attenuation is viewed as the best solution for cleaning up many waste sites and will save billions of dollars in cleanup costs. Bioremediation, both in situ and ex situ have also enjoyed strong scientific growth, in part due to the increased use of natural attenuation, since most natural attenuation is due to biodegradation. In this paper, we review our progress in the degradation of endocrine disturbing substances (EDs) (nonylphenol as example) by pure and mixed bacterial cultures in sludge, sediment, and wastewater. The suggestion for government policy on the progress of biotechnology is also proposed.

並列關鍵字

Bioremediation ； Biodegradation