未婚成年男性眼中父子關係之現象詮釋

本研究旨在理解未婚成年兒子對其父子關係與互動的看法、感受、及對此經驗所賦予之意義，並藉由詮釋現象學的方法，揭露父子關係背後所蘊含的深層意義。研究針對五位未婚成年兒子進行半結構式訪談，結果發現，言語對話成為受訪者詮釋父子互動樣貌的界定標準。他們眼中的父子互動隨者子代生命週期發展逐漸由「親」到「疏」，且成年後父子互動「淡然」的現象普遍存於受訪者間。有趣的是，這些與父親互動少之又少的受訪者，卻自評父子關係並不差，他們有著自己的詮釋方式，相較於西方強調外顯情感的表露有著不同的文化意涵。此外，面對淡然的父子互動，這些成年男子並不想改變現狀，卻同時以自身的經驗去期許未來自己成為父親時，父子關係要有所突破，顯示兒子對現階段父子互動關係的詮釋與日後擔任父職時的自我期望，在時代變遷與傳統文化的衝擊中，同時衍生代間傳遞與代間轉化的矛盾內涵。但整體而言，本研究發現，華人父子的互動關係仍難脫離傳統父權文化、父／子職規範、以及性別角色所制限的框架。

關鍵字

父子關係；父權文化；父職

並列摘要

This paper examines the father-son relationship from the standpoint of unmarried, adult sons, analyzing their perceptions, feelings, and interpretations toward their experiences of father-son interactions and relationships. To achieve the study's purposes, the author applied Hermeneutic Phenomenology with in-dept. interviewing with five unmarried, adult males for data collection, to discover the implied meaning behind the phenomena that they displayed. Thematic-analysis was used to analyze all materials collected. Results show that the frequency of talking to each other was used by interviewees to identify the interaction quality with their fathers. Their interaction with their fathers shifted from strong to weak as they became older. The study also found relationships were weak and lacked intimacy in this life stage. However, those sons do not think their relationships with their fathers are terrible; however, they have their own interpretation that differs from western culture. In addition, although their interactions with their fathers are weak now, they think that there is no need to make a change. The study revealed that these interviewees were looking forward to fostering a friend-like relationship instead of father-son relationship with their sons in the future. The sons in this type of relationship view themselves as being transformative agents of the last three generations. These results emphasize the father-son relationship is still shaped by a traditional patriarchal culture, fatherhood norm, and gender-role stereotype, which is found in the cognition schema of these unmarried-adult sons.