國中生生活壓力、休閒因應與健康關係之探討－性別差異

The Relationship among Stress, Leisure Coping and Health for Junior High School Students-Gender Difference

陳建和(Chien-Ho Chen) ； 曾郁喬(Yu-Chaio Tzeng)

《運動與遊憩研究》 4卷2期 (2009/12) Pp. 166-184

https://doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.200912_4(2).0012

摘要

本研究旨在了解國中男女學生生活壓力、休閒因應、壓力與健康之現況，並以結構方程模式，進一步探討其關係。藉由文獻探討，本研究提出休閒因應理論之獨立模式，因國內外有關性別之壓力與休閒因應之研究結果並不一致，爲更加了解國中學生壓力及休閒因應的關係，本研究並進一步將男女國中生分別討論，針對不同性別深入探討。本研究之研究工具爲青少年生活壓力量表、休閒因應策略量表、休閒活動與參與頻率量表及健康狀況量表，研究對象以臺中縣市國中學生，共抽取四所國中，採集群(cluster)抽樣方法，先隨機抽取臺中縣市各兩所國中，再依一至三年級各取一班學生進行普查，共獲384 份有效樣本。研究結果顯示：(1)國中男女學生生生活壓力對健康具有顯著負向影響；(2)國中生男女學生之休閒調適策略對休閒參與有正向的影響；(3)國中生男女學生休閒參與對健康有顯著正向的影響；(4)不同性別國中學生在生活壓力、休閒因應與健康間關係有所差異，而男性運用休閒減緩壓力傷害的效果最大。最後本研究結果將可提供教育當局運用於國中教育中改善國中生壓力之參考與改進。

關鍵字

生活壓力 ； 休閒因應 ； 健康 ； 性別

並列摘要

Adolescence is recognized as a particularly stressful period of life development. During this period, the adolescents simultaneously deal with physical and cognitive transformations and the challenges of changing relationships, including peer relationships, school transitions, social complexity, educational demands and expectations. In recent year, related research revealed that this stress influenced not only behavior but also physical and mental health for adolescence. The main purpose of this study is to understand gender difference of junior high school students on perception about stress, and to analyze the relationships among stress, leisure coping and health. By using cluster sampling, the subjects were recruited from two junior high schools in Taichung city and country respectively. 384 valid questionnaires were collected. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the proposed model and the findings indicated an acceptable fit in the model. As a result, we can get the conclusions as following: (1) stress appears to influence health significantly negatively, (2) leisure coping strategies appears to influence leisure participation positively, (3) leisure participation appears to influence health significantly positively, and (4) There is different gender effect on the issue of students dealing with stress and leisure participation. The male students are good at emotion-focused solution by way of leisure participation. The implication will provide with the parents and school to help adolescence cope and reduce stress.

並列關鍵字

junior high school students ； stress ； leisure coping ； health ； gender

參考文獻

丁光華、陳建和、國立臺北護理學院主編()。

臺閩地區少年身心狀況調查報告

天下雜誌(2006)。十年教改總體檢。臺北:天下雜誌。

王蓁蓁(2001)。臺北縣國中生之壓力源、因應方式與生活適應之相關研究。生活科學學報。7，61-86。

左端華(2004)。休閒活動參與和工作壓力對民航駕駛員身心健康之研究－以本國某航空公司國際線爲例(碩士論文)。國立臺北護理學院旅遊健康研究所。