探討婚後女性休閒運動的阻礙因素

A Study on Constraint Factors of Leisure Sports for Married Women in Taiwan

蘇明俊(Ming-Jun Su) ； 楊宜樺(I-Hua Yang) ； 李思誼(Sih-Yi Li)

《運動與遊憩研究》 8卷2期 (2013/12) Pp. 41-67

https://doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.201312_8(2).0003

摘要

本研究旨在探討婚後女性從事休閒運動的阻礙因素，採用問卷調查法，研究對象為臺灣南部的五都之一，有38個行政區，依照女性人口比例選擇最多的10個行政區進行方便抽樣，排除自認為有在運動的樣本，獲得398份問卷，工具為自編之「婚後女性休閒運動問卷」，包含基本資料8項和運動阻礙31個項目，乃是依據Crawford and Godbey（1987）提出休閒運動阻礙的構面，參照Asihel（2005）指出大學女生不從事休閒運動的原因，以及謝淑芬（2001）提出的女性運動的阻礙因素進行命題，以五等第計分。問卷修改後剩30個項目，KMO=0.802。以單因子變異數分析及t考驗檢定不同背景對休閒運動阻礙因素的差異情形。結果發現：婚後女性從事休閒運動的阻礙有：場地、器材、內在、家庭、涉入等因素，場地（M=3.79）及家庭因素（M=3.77）影響較大，內在因素（M=2.83）的影響最小。不同背景的婚後女性在運動阻礙的部分因素中存在顯著差異，顯示休閒運動阻礙的原因差異頗大。建議「婚後女性」應克服場地及家庭因素的阻礙，政府亦應有效提供婚後女性的運動場地，及降低家庭阻礙的政策，以促進婚後女性從事休閒運動。本研究驗證家庭因素確實影響婚後女性從事休閒運動，並發現「休閒涉入」也是影響婚後女性從事休閒運動的因素之一。

關鍵字

婚後女性 ； 休閒運動 ； 阻礙因素 ； 休閒涉入

並列摘要

After 2000 AD, Taiwan government implement two-day weekend, cause people in Taiwan increasing emphasis on leisure sports, the reasons are healthy, quality of life, enhance parent-child relationship. However, married women hard to make leisure sport, what are the constraint factors of leisure sports? Methodology using investigation, instrument was ”Women, why you do not exercise?” which followed some results of researches, include place, no time, not interested, economics, Good equipment to use alternative (Crawford & Godbey, 1987; Asihel, 2005; Sheih, 2001) to determine items. Objects are women who live in Kaohsiung city, there are 10 administrative areas, the most women of 38 areas, in accordance with the proportion of the population to sampling 400 at traditional markets each area, valid is 398. Using ”Explore factor analysis” to reduce data, merged and modified items, we obtained 30 items, KMO=0.802. Using descriptive statistics was to describe the objects distribution, t test and ANOVA to test difference among factors of constraint. Results are: the constraint factors of leisure sport for married women are: space constraint, equipment constraint, intrapersonal constraint, family constraint and involvement constraint, the space (M=3.792 in 5) and family (M=3.770) constraints are the greater impact. And the intrapersonal factor is smaller impact (M=2.830). There are significant differences by α=0.05 in some factors among diverse backgrounds, means the reasons of constraints of leisure sport for married women are very different. Our contribution is to find two factors, family and involvement constraint. Suggestions are: married women should overcome the spaces and family constraints hinder, government should provide effective and reduce family hinder the policies and measures to promote marriage women effectively engaged in recreational sports.

並列關鍵字

married women ； leisure sport ； constraint factor

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