異質產品下雙占廠商R&D之策略行爲

Product Differentiation, Strategic Conduct of R&D under Duopoly

王文傑(Wen-Chieh Wang)

《國立虎尾科技大學學報》 27卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 21-32

https://doi.org/10.6425/JNHUST.200809.0021

摘要

我們延續d'''' Aspremont & Jacqumin(1998)的研究，不同於產品爲同質性的假設，我們將產品差異程度內生化，即廠商的R&D投入使產品差異程度擴大，而在市場上僅存在兩家廠商之下的雙占廠商，採數量競爭的分析方式，運用賽局理論之子賽局完美均衡的求解方式，探討生產水準異質產品廠商的R&D策略行爲，並與d'''' Aspremont & Jacqumin (1988)對照比較，內容除了異質產品下的製程R&D合作行爲之外，也將討論產品R&D的合作行爲；此外，我們也研究R&D影響產品差異程度外，也同時影響其生產成本的分析。在納入產品的異質性後，產品的差異程度也影響廠商R&D決策，當產品差異程度較大時，產品市場的競爭程度降低，使廠商更樂於進行R&D合作。至於廠商僅進行製程R&D時，其結論與d'''' Aspremont & Jacqumin (1988)接近；當產品R&D投入也影響生產成本時，廠商的R&D合作意願將減弱。

關鍵字

水平異質 ； R&D合作 ； 產品R&D ； 製程R&D

並列摘要

This study extended the work of d' Aspremont & Jacqumin (1988). Comparing with d' Aspremont & Jacqumin (1988), which assumed the product homogeneity, we endogenized the product differentiation and applied the models of Singh & Vives (1984) and Lin & Saggi (2002) to investigate the R&D strategies made by duopoly through quantity competition. We compared the R&D processes and its product with d' Aspremont & Jacqumin's(1988) work. The study found that after taking the effects of product heterogeneity into account, the product differentiability also affected the R&D strategies of the firms. The higher the differentiability of the product, the lower the competitiveness would be which made the firms became more willing to engage the R&D cooperation. As far as the hypothesis that when the firms only engaged in process R&D, the findings showed no difference to d'Aspremont & Jacqumin's(1988) work. When engaging product R&D raised the cost, we found that the willingness of R&D cooperation between firms would also diminish.

並列關鍵字

horizontal product differentiation ； R&D cooperation ； product R&D ； process R&D

參考文獻

d''Aspremont, C.,Jcquemin, A.(1988).Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in duopoly with spillovers.American Economic Review.78,1133-7.

Singh, N.,Vives, X.(1984).Price and quantity competition in a differentiated duopoly.Rand Journal of Economics.15(4),546-554.

Lin, P.,Saggi, K.(2002).Product differentiation, process R&D, and the nature of market competition.European Economic Review.46,201-211.

Spencer, B. J.,Brander, J. A.(1983).International R&D Rivalry and Industrial Strategy.Review of Economic Studies.50,702-722.

De Bondt, R.,Veugelers, R.(1991).Strategic investment with spillovers.European Journal of Political Economy.7,345-366.