陳雪〈蝴蝶的記號〉中蝴蝶之人格與變化分析

Analysis of Butterfly's Personality Changes in the Mark of Butterfly by Chen Xue

林雋昀(Chun-Yun,Lin)

《國立虎尾科技大學學報》 32卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 105-118

https://doi.org/10.6425/JNHUST.201406_32(1).0008

摘要

本文旨要以佛洛伊德精神分析中心理人格的本我、自我、超我之說，分析陳雪作品〈蝴蝶的記號〉裡主角蝴蝶的人格失衡狀況以及其痛苦的原因；並且以時序的方式，跟著劇情演進對蝴蝶在後來四個主要事件中受到的影響和改變進行因果之間的分析和討論。主角蝴蝶由於原生家庭的背景因素，擁有十分強大的道德圓滿意識。那樣強大的道德意識，正是使得她面對自己的同性情愛慾望時，充滿了自責和抗拒的原因。她天生柔軟的自我無法選擇滿足會在現實社會裡掀起波瀾的本我慾望，而自然偏向了能夠符合他人期待的道德超我，讓心理的真實慾望被壓抑、沉默。使主角得以從痛苦的人格失衡狀況中解脫的，是作者陳雪在小說裡安排的四個重要的逆轉劇情。藉由在那些事件中的受難和發現，蝴蝶被迫重頭對人生進行反思並產生了改變，最後終於得以重新面對自己的慾望、擁有完整的自己。本文欲藉由精神分析理論對文本的套用，更清楚地觀看陳雪在〈蝴蝶的記號〉一文裡所細膩描述一個人遭受個人困境時的心境和掙扎，以及其如何利用劇情的描寫一步一步地將主角引導出那個壓抑和痛苦的牢籠；並且在最後加以評論。

關鍵字

陳雪 ； 〈蝴蝶的記號〉 ； 精神分析 ； 佛洛伊德

並列摘要

This paper aims to analyze the reasons for the protagonist Butterfly’s imbalanced personality and suffering in The Mark of Butterfly by Chen Xue with Freudian psychoanalysis composed of four elements known as the id, the ego and the superego, as well as discussing causes and effects of how Butterfly gets influenced and changed brought by a series of events. Butterfly, the protagonist in the novel, is disciplined by the high standard of morals owing to her family background. It is her high standard of morals that makes her feel guilty and resists her homosexual desires. Her inborn small ego hinders her from choosing the big id that would cause a great stir in the society; thus she bends to moral superego that is expected by the others and let her inner desires repressed and silenced. What emancipate the protagonist from strongly imbalanced personality she suffers enormously are four important reversals plotted by Chen Xue. Through suffering and discovery in those events, Butterfly is forced to reflect upon her own life again, thus being able to confront desires of her own and eventually escapes from repression. By applying psychoanalysi, this paper looks deeper how impeccably refined and carefully Chen Xue describes the feelings and struggles one might have in the face of adversity, and how Chen Xue guides the protagonist out of the bondage of repression and suffering. Finally, this paper offers criticism based on the effects the work reflects in reality.

並列關鍵字

Chen Xue ； The Mark of Butterfly ； freudian psychoanalysis ； Sigmund Freud