臺灣彰化鹿港民俗儀式「送肉粽」之源流與意涵探索

彰化鹿港「送肉粽」為臺灣最具神秘色彩與爭議性的民俗儀式，當該地區發生上吊自殺事件時便會舉辦此項送煞儀式，將無形的「吊死鬼」驅逐出海。廟方進行儀式時需生人迴避，避免民眾被煞氣影響。但在現今傳播發達的社會裡，資訊不透明的「送肉粽」經由媒體渲染後，衍伸出許多錯誤解讀，進而造成民眾恐慌。故本文以「送肉粽」為研究對象，探究其源流與意涵，經研究結果得知，「送肉粽」是避邪凶煞，重建境內平安與陰陽兩界之平衡的儀式，更是人們面對死亡焦慮時，為能安定心志，故結合鬼神崇拜與宗教信仰的一種巫術祭祀。追溯其源頭，「送肉粽」與大陸海南島黎族的送煞儀式存在多處相似處。海南島與福建有深厚的地緣關係，而鹿港與福建泉州亦有信巫尚鬼與建築風格的承襲，故可推測此送煞儀式的傳播途徑。透過釐清「送肉粽」的原始意涵，探究鹿港「送肉粽」的發源，追溯儀式的傳播脈絡，還原其本來形貌，釐清儀式的原始功能與寓意。

關鍵字

民俗儀式；送肉粽；鹿港；禁忌

並列摘要

The ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ is the most mysterious and controversial folk ritual in Taiwan. When a suicide by hanging occurs in the Lugang area of Changhua, a ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ is held to expel the ＂Hanged ghost＂. During the ceremony, the temple authorities stressed the need to avoid the people to avoid being affected by the evil spirits. In today's technologically advanced society, the rituals of opaque information have given rise to many misinterpretations and even caused more panic among the public when they are exaggerated by the media. According to the research results, ＂meat dumpling delivery＂ is not only a ritual to avoid evil, to re-establish the balance of peace and yin and yang in the realm, but also a witchcraft ritual that combines the worship of ghosts and gods with religious beliefs in order to stabilize people's hearts when they are facing the anxiety of death. The origin of ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ is similar to that of the Li Nationality on Hainan Island in many ways. The island of Hainan has a deep geographical relationship with Fujian, and Lugang and Quanzhou in Fujian also share the belief in witchcraft and ghosts and the architectural style, so it can be assumed that this ritual was transmitted through this channel. By clarifying the original meaning of ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ and exploring the origin of ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ in Lugang, we can not only trace the transmission of the folk ritual and explore its original meaning, but also let Taiwan's folk rituals in terms of cultural transmission, so as not to cause anxiety due to lack of understanding. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the origin and meaning of ＂sending off meat dumplings＂ in order to restore its original form and clarify the original function and symbolic meaning of the ritual.