上海市的城市治理與空間佈局之分析

本文主要試圖回答，上海市政府如何能在改革開放後，一改過去陳舊的上海市容，積極進行城市建設，並展現出國際大城市的風貌，當中的上海市政府，究竟做了什麼改變？文中指出，上海市於1984年獲得中央青睞，成爲沿海14個開放城市之一，並在1990年獲得中央宣佈浦東的開發政策，使得上海開始有相對的自主權限，能夠針對自身組織進行重整，使其成爲有效率的政府，並藉此基礎，採取舉債融資、土地政策等方式籌措城市建設資金，進行城市空間重構。不僅強化城市基礎建設、開發浦東，也深化了城市內部與城市聯外通道，達成國際大都市的目標。然而，在上海市政府採取創新政策籌措資金之餘，也造成了許多的負面問題，特別在土地政策與房地產市場方面，這些都有待上海市政府進一步強化其治理的作用以加以解決。據此，本文除了前言外，另外分爲四個部份，首先論述城市治理的相關理論概念，其次針對上海市改革開放後的市政府改革做一個說明，再者則分析市政府在空間方面的治理成果，最後再提出其所引發的問題與可行出路。

關鍵字

上海；全球城市；城市治理；空間佈局；房地產市場；浦東

並列摘要

The main purpose in this paper is try to answer the question: Why can Shanghai government reconstruct the city efficiently and makes it an international/global metropolitan? What happened in the city government itself? Following the problematic, the paper will demonstrate that Shanghai has got the central government's attention since 1984 and became one of the 14 coast open cities in the same year. In 1990, the central government also announced the development policy in Pudong. These mean that the central government gives Shanghai relative autonomy in financial and urban arrangement. On this basis, Shanghai launched some new policies, including loan foreign debts and land policies to raise funds to improve the city. By these means, city government can improve its infrastructure, develop Pudong and increase the connection of inner city and intercity, and all these efforts will help Shanghai to attain its target-an international/global metropolitan. However, despite its creative policies, Shanghai also brought some problems , especially in land policies and the real estate market, and all these demand Shanghai city government to solve. Besides the preface, the paper includes four parts. First, we will discuss some main theories of city governance; second, we will examine the changes of Shanghai city government itself; third, we will point out the achievements on city spatial arrangement, and at last we will discuss some problems arisen by the city governance.