新產品開發的供應商評量

The Evaluation of Suppliers for New Product Development

何應欽(Ying-Chin Ho) ； 康馨予(Hsin-Yu Kang)

《商管科技季刊》 11卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 265-301

https://doi.org/10.30083/CMQ.201006.0004

摘要

新產品開發是一知識創造的過程，過去的研究已證實在新產品的開發過程中，廠商若能整合供應商，將可提升新產品的開發績效。因此，廠商該如何評選合適的供應商，並與供應商進行協同產品開發，是實務界極欲了解且非常重要的議題。雖然，過去已有許多的研究針對供應商的評量進行探討，但鮮少是針對新產品開發的供應商評量進行探究。本研究的主旨在建構新產品開發的供應商評量模式，以彌補傳統評量模式的不足。首先，根據過去的文獻，吾人彙整出廠商在評量新產品開發供應商時，可能會考量的評量構面與相關的評量指標。接著，根據前測問卷的分析結果，吾人建構新產品開發的供應商評量模式。然後，以台灣製造業廠商爲研究對象，來對評量模式進行檢驗，並使用AHP法(Analytic Hierarchy Process)來求得評量模式內之各項評量構面與指標的權重值。最後，吾人進行實驗來比較評量模式與人類專家的評量差異，以驗證本研究所提出的評量模式是否能於實務中運作。本研究的結果顯示：(1)傳統用來評量供應商的構面（即「供應商的基礎評量」）之重要程度反而比其它評量構面還低，顯示廠商評量新產品開發供應商的方式是有別於傳統的評量方式。(2)吾人彙整出廠商評量新產品開發供應商的前十一大關鍵評量指標，並發現沒有任何一項指標是屬於傳統「供應商的基礎評量」構面的。此結果顯示廠商在評量新產品開發的供應商時，已有別於傳統僅以交易爲重點的評量指標來評量供應商。(3)最後，實驗結果顯示本研究所建構的評量模式與人類專家的評量差異很小，顯示本評量模式確實可於實務中運作。換言之，其是可被用於協助廠商評量新產品開發供應商的。

關鍵字

供應商的評量 ； 新產品的開發 ； 整合供應商的知識 ； 廠商與供應商間的關係 ； 新產品的開發績效

並列摘要

New product development is a knowledge-creation process. Previous studies have shown that involving suppliers in the new product development can increase the performance in developing new products. As a result, how to select right suppliers for the new product development has become an important issue for many companies. Although there have been many studies on the evaluation of suppliers, very few of them are for the new product development. The objective of this study is to propose a model for evaluating suppliers in the new product development. We reviewed previous stuides to come up with the dimensions of the evaluation model and to determine the evaluation criteria in each dimension. Required tests and analysis are conducted on these selected criteria to prove their validity. We then conducted surveys using Taiwanese manufactures as study objects and applied AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to determine the weights of all dimensions and evaluation criteria. To prove the validity of the evaluation model, we generated some examples which were solved by both the evaluation model and human experts. The results obtained by the evaluation model are then compared with those by human experts. The test results show the proposed model is indeed valid and correct. Finally, we summarize three important findings of this study as follows. First, we discovered the weight of the ”basic evaluation of suppliers” dimension often seen in traditional supplier evaluation models is lower than the weights of other dimensions. Second, this study identified the top eleven evaluation criteria. None of these eleven evaluation criteria come from the ”basic evaluation of suppliers” dimension. Finally, our experimental results show the evaluation model can perform as well as human experts in evaluating suppliers. This implies the evaluation model can help manufacturers evaluate suppliers.

並列關鍵字

Supplier Evaluation ； New Product Development ； Integrating the Knowledge of Suppliers ； The Relationships between Manufacturers and Suppliers ； New Product Development Performance

參考文獻

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