職場靈性、正念與心理調適－自我悲愍、自我嚴苛的雙重中介模式

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY, MINDFULNESS, AND SELF-ADAPTATION - DUAL-MEDIATION MODEL OF SELF-COMPASSION AND SELF-HARSHNESS

賴志超(Chih-Chao Lai) ； 蘇倫慧(Lun-Hui Su) ； 侯佩宜(Pei-Yi Hou)

《商管科技季刊》 19卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 31-60

摘要

本研究旨在檢驗自我悲愍與自我嚴苛在職場靈性、正念與心理調適間的中介效果。本研究以立意取樣調查法，針對不同職業的勞工，共蒐集683份問卷。研究者使用Mplus統計軟體，檢驗結構方程模式的整體適配度，並以誤差修正拔靴法檢驗結構方程模式中各別中介效果的顯著性。本研究發展的雙重中介模式能適當的解釋職場靈性、正念、自我悲愍、自我嚴苛如何預測勞工的心理調適。結果發現，自我悲愍與自我嚴苛在職場靈性、正念覺察與勞工心理調適間扮演重要的機制：自我悲愍是職場靈性與華人幸福感之間，完全的中介因素。職場靈性帶動自我悲愍，進而提升幸福感。此外，自我嚴苛是正念與心理調適之間，完全的中介因素。正念減低自我嚴苛，進而提升勞工的心理福祉。職場靈性結合正念能夠改變勞工對待自我的態度，進而影響身心調適。職場不僅是勞工薪資福利的來源，更重要的是他們健康幸福的重要因素。職場靈性為勞工自我悲愍的來源。華人文化強調嚴以律己，有自我嚴苛的傾向，進而引發常見精神疾患。而「恆守正念」可對治自我嚴苛。本研究針對研究結果進行討論並提供建議。最後對研究限制提出說明。

關鍵字

職場靈性 ； 正念 ； 自我悲愍 ； 自我嚴苛 ； 心理調適

並列摘要

This research aims to investigate the mediating effects of self-compassion and self-harshness among workplace spirituality, mindfulness and psychological adaptation. The present researchers used a purposive sampling survey method. Participants were 683 fulltime workers in various industries in Taiwan. Using Mplus statistical software, structural equation modeling analyses with bias-corrected bootstrap method were used to examine the fitness of the hypothesized model and the mediating effects of self-compassion and self-harshness. The present researchers developed a model and the results showed that the model appropriately explained how workplace spirituality and mindfulness via self-compassion and self-harshness predicted psychological adaptation. The results showed that self-compassion fully mediated workplace spirituality and Chinese happiness. In addition, self-harshness fully mediated the relationships of mindfulness to both Chinese happiness and common mental disorders. Workplace spirituality together with mindfulness shaped workers' self-attitude, which in turn enhanced their self-adaptation. The results suggest that workplace is not merely the source of workers' salary and benefits but vital factor of health promotion and happiness. As Chinese culture emphasizes harsh self-discipline, Chinese people are pronged to engage in self-harshness, which may lead to common mental disorders. With mindfulness, self-harshness tendency in Chinese individuals might be alleviated. Implications, recommendations for future studies, and research limitation were presented.

並列關鍵字

Workplace Spirituality ； Mindfulness ； Self-Compassion ； Self-Harshness ； Self-Adaptation

參考文獻

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