「詩化的現實」與「現實的抒情」：兩種長詩美學的參差對照

Poetic Realism and Realistic Lyricism: A Comparison and Contrast of Aesthetics between Two Sorts of Long Poetry

蔣美華(Mei-Hua Chiang)

《Asian Journal of Management and Humanity Sciences》 1卷3期 (2006/10) Pp. 494-511

https://doi.org/10.6413/AJMHS.200610.0494

摘要

「現實」詩作與「抒情」詩作，「現實」詩人與「抒情」詩人，都是在參差對照的情境下所襯顯的異同互植。在筆者所撰述的這篇論文中，根據六家詩人對於「現實」詩作與「抒情」詩作的義界，將陳克華、奎澤石頭、簡政珍這三家定位為「詩化的現實」詩人；復將葉維廉、洛夫、楊牧這三家定位為「現實的抒情」詩人。並將這兩種範疇，再區分成六種面向的美學姿影：「科學語言」、「真實裂縫」、「語言存有」；「無言獨化」、「反常合道」、「為人而作」。「現實」詩作的美學層級，從「目的論」到「超現實」再到「詩化的現實」；「抒情」詩作的美學層級，從水仙情結到「純情」、「慣性的抒情」再到「現實的抒情」。「詩化的現實」詩作之詩心，以他（她、牠、它）者的經歷為詩中人的敘述語調，感同身受；「現實的抒情」詩作之詩心，則以詩人自身體驗為詩中人的敘述語調，推己及人。這兩種長詩美學的極致，體現著桃李不言、下自成蹊的無諍之辯－就詩藝而言，是「道近乎技」；以詩質來論，是圓轉舞姿；至於無緣大慈的仁民愛物情操，則是月映千江地躍然於阡陌詩行。

關鍵字

現實 ； 抒情 ； 洛夫 ； 葉維廉 ； 楊牧 ； 簡政珍 ； 陳克華 ； 奎澤石頭

並列摘要

In the classification of poetry and poets, ”realistic” and ”lyrical” are contextually complementary through comparison and contrast. In this paper, six poets, Ke-hua Chen (陳克華), Stone Kuei Tse (奎澤石頭), Cheng-chen Chien (簡政珍), Wei-lien Yeh (葉維廉), Lo Fu (洛夫) and Yang Mu (楊牧), are categorized into two groups in terms of a dichotomy of realism and lyricism. The former three poets are defined as poets of poetic realism; the latter three are looked upon as poets of realistic lyricism. These two definitions are further subcategorized into six perspectives of aesthetics: Science Language, Reality Cleft, Language Being, Silence Singularity, Abnormality but Universality, and Doing for Mankind. The aesthetic levels of realistic poetry range from teleology and surrealism to poetic reality. The aesthetic levels of lyrical poetry, on the other hand, range from narcissism, pure love and habitual lyricism to realistic lyricism. The heart of poetic realism lies in the narrator's (the poet's) empathy. His or her experiences are employed in the poetry. In contrast, the core of the poetry of realistic lyricism depends on the poet's personal experiences. The beau ideal of two sorts of long poetry embodies the truth: good fame travels far away. The artifice of poetry is beautiful and the quality of poetry is wonderful. Pure benevolence is like moonlight which gently shines on rivers and overflows a checkerboard of lines.

並列關鍵字

realism ； lyricism ； Lo Fu ； Wei-lien Yeh ； Yang Mu ； Cheng-chen Chien ； Ke-hua Chen ； Stone Kuei Tse