台灣檳榔西施的身體勞動及系統規訓之考察

An Investigation of Betel Nut Beautys' Labor Work of Body and Systematic Discipline

馬財專(Tsai-Chuan Ma) ； 張琇華(Chiu-Hua Chan)

《社會科學論叢》 16卷2期 (2022/12) Pp. 1-50

https://doi.org/10.30401/RSS.202212_16(2).0001

摘要

本文試圖重現檳榔西施的女性及被物化勞動者身份，以深入訪談的方式蒐集西施的資訊，並勾勒其身體勞動歷程。目的在於進入檳榔攤這個兼具勞動不穩定和性別消費邏輯特質的勞動場域，透過西施勞動工作脈絡化的探索協助釐清西施勞動規訓及相關工作律則。本文考察發現西施從入行到離開的勞動歷程，受到經濟理性和個人認知的內在因素，以及市場風險和性別消費邏輯的結構因素之影響，呈現抉擇與訓練、學習角色期待和人際互動之情緒勞動的內在控管，以及職業調適和循環流動的連續過程。在西施的勞動過程中，面對職業的情色性導致的污名情境，西施必須建立消費互動秩序，釐清可能的污名身份。職業身份的污名也延續並影響到日常生活的社會關係互動情境，為避免身份的公開造成社會關係緊張，西施多以隱蔽原則處理職業身份，但仍存在心理壓力和限制職業選擇的可能。透過這群女性勞動者之職業參與圖像及其勞動條件的戡探，本文描繪出西施所存在彈性多樣的勞動經驗。並期待揭露職場父權和性別文化脈絡所造生之刻板印象，重新暸解與思考西施的勞動歷程。

關鍵字

檳榔西施 ； 非正式部門勞動 ； 身體勞動 ； 性別

並列摘要

This paper puts emphasis on two identities, the betel nut beautys and the labor in informal sectors. Start with these persons' point of views; the in-death interview is adopted to explore twenty betel nut beautys' laboring process and occupation images. The purpose is to enter the laboring territory - betel nut which involves the features of unstable labor and the logic of consumption in gender. Additionally, sketch the betel nut beautys' laboring images and deconstruct their stereotypes in order to understand their mental process of comprehension about occupations. According to the betel nut beautys' laboring process (the time they spent on this job from the first time to the last time) is influenced by economic rationality, personal recognition, the risk of informal sectors and the structure of the logic of consumption in gender. It is revealed the continuing processes in choices, disciplines, learning the expectation of roles, interpersonal interaction, occupation adjustment, and circulation mobility. To avoid the tension of the social relations aroused by open to the public, the betel nut beautys choose to hide their identities. However, they are still under pressure and are restricted to choose their occupations. Through research and the occupation images of these female labors, readers can find that the betel nut beautys actually have various laboring experiences. Afterward the patriarchy and the stereotype of gender cultural context can be thrown away. Based on mutual understanding and listening attentively, think of the betel nut beautys' laboring process and occupation images.

並列關鍵字

Betel Nut Beauty ； the Labor in Informal Sector ； Bodily Labor ； Gender

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