基督化人學及其在天主教社會理論中之意義

The Significance of the Christianized Study of Man in the Catholic Social Theory

楊世雄(Shih-Hsiung Yang)

《哲學論集》 45期 (2012/07) Pp. 31-46

https://doi.org/10.29699/FJPS.201207.0002

摘要

天主教社會理論，又稱之為基督的社會倫理學。基督是天主的啟示自身及內容，是人信仰的對象。社會倫理或社會理論是理性的推論及論述。顧名思義，基督社會倫理學之內容來源有二，一是信仰的啟示，另一則是理性的認知。社會生活的主體是人，任何社會理論都是一種對人之理論的說明。因此，一個社會理論的人之形象，是該理論的基礎。基督社會倫理學有其人性論基礎，那就是在天主的創造及救恩工程的秩序中，所啟示的人。任何倫理學，必然面對之人行為的價值傾向的規範之存在及普遍認知的問題。基督倫理學中的自然法概念，說明了人之存在原因及目的。給與人之行為規範的存在及認知，以理論的形上學基礎。人之行為的實踐，必然是社會行為實踐。基督社會倫理學的公共善（Bonum Commune）概念，說明個人及群體之間的倫理道德關係。以上所述均在說明人在完成其終極目的的人之社會行為的應用秩序，所以說基督社會倫理學是位格主義社會倫理學。本論文從聖經以及教會的文獻中，陳述基督的人學，並說明基督人學與自然法理論、公共善以及位格主義等基督社會倫理學的關鍵架構之關係，來說明基督人學在天主教社會理論建構中之意義。

關鍵字

天主教社會理論 ； 基督社會倫理學 ； 自然法 ； 公共善 ； 位格主義 ； 基督宗教的人學

並列摘要

The Catholic social theory is also called the Christian social theory. Christ is the revelation and content of the Lord, the object of man's faith. Social ethics or social theory is the inference and statement of reason. By definition, the Christian social ethics derives from the revelation of faith and the cognition of reason.The subject of social life is man, and any social theory is an explication about man. Therefore, the image of man in a social theory is the foundation of the theory. The Christian social ethics is based on the study of man, to whom the Lord revealed to in His order of creation and salvation.Any ethics must address the existence and general cognition of the norms of the value orientation of man's behavior. The concept of natural law in the Christian ethics explains the cause and purpose of man's existence as well as bestows the existence and cognition of the norms of man's behavior with metaphysical theoretical foundation.The practice of man's behavior is definitely the practice of social behavior. The concept of common good (Bonum Commune) in the Christian social ethics explicates the ethical and moral relationship between the individual and the collective. All the afore-mentioned is to illustrate the applied order of the social behavior whereby man achieves his ultimate goal.Drawing upon Bible and the documents of the church, this article states the relationship between the Christian study of man and the key frameworks of the Christian social ethics, including the theory of natural law, common good, personalism and son on, this paper demonstrates the significance of the Christian study of man in the Catholic social theory.

並列關鍵字

Catholic Social Theory ； The Christian Social Ethics ； Natural Law ； Common Good ； Personalism ； Christian Study of Man

參考文獻

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