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一種新的嘗試:正向心理學取向正念方案的介紹與評論

A New Attempt: The Introduction and Comment of Mindfulness Programs in Positive Psychology

摘要


正向心理學為一門增進所有人類幸福與快樂的科學,強調人們應致力於追求有價值與意義的生活。正念方案的設計起始於降低憂鬱症狀,逐漸傾向結合多元方法於促進身心健康。本文以正向心理介入(positive psychology interventions, PPIs)為基礎,介紹正向心理學與正念結合之處遇,正念優勢練習方案(mindfulness-based strengths practice program, MBSP)與正向正念方案(positive mindfulness program, PMP)。正向心理學取向正念含帶預防的觀點-所有人受惠,提升了正念的可近和親切性,使正念成為個人追求幸福快樂的實用方法,以及美好生活方式的一部分。正向心理學也因正念的融入而更加強化其核心概念:無論何時、何地或任何人,快樂能實踐於每一個真實的片刻。正念與正向心理學雖為不同的內涵,但所欲追求的目標有高度的同質性,兩者結合是一種發揮相輔相成的嘗試。值得提醒的是,複合式的處遇必須釐清其背後的理論基礎與真正目的,再透過研究不斷的累積與修正,才能發揮實質效益。

參考文獻


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