性少數現身之文獻回顧與反思諮商實務工作

A Literature Review on Sexual Minorities Disclosure Issues and Reflect on Practice of Counseling

李亭萱(Ting-Hsuan Lee)

《輔導季刊》 58卷1期 (2022/03) Pp. 17-30

摘要

關於現身態度、立場與實際狀況多元複雜，不論是社會運動者、助人工作者、性少數主體，皆有其獨特的思維與具體行動，意見雖不至於劇烈分歧，但有進一步反思與對話之必要性，尤其是學術與實務須相互結合與應用，才能發揮最大效益。本文針對性少數「現身╱出櫃╱能見度」之國內外相關研究做一系統性回顧、整理與分析，分別論述：1.以「關係」作為研究焦點：包含家人、同儕和職場主管與同事；2.細化性少數現身處境：不再視LGBTQIA為一整體，而是看見不同性傾向之特殊性；3.順應異性戀霸權之現身結果：探究「異性戀婚姻當中出櫃」的各種狀況；4.關注多重交織身分之現身處境，包含種族、族裔、文化、身心障礙、性別等。最後，提出諮商實務反思：1.正視社會污名影響性少數之現身處境，提供肯認諮商的重要性；2.強化心理師認識多重交織身分性少數與提升其專業知能；3.反思不同性傾向之現身處境，提升跨性別者與無性戀的認識；4.同性婚姻合法化之後，同志伴侶向原生家庭現身之實務挑戰。

關鍵字

出櫃 ； 同志 ； 性少數 ； 現身 ； 諮商

參考文獻

Foster, A. B., Eklund, A., Brewster, M. E., Walker, A. D., & Candon, E. (2019). Personal agency disavowed: Identity construction in asexual women of color. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 6 (2), 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000310

Aranda, F., Matthews, A. K., Hughes, T. L., Muramatsu, N., Wilsnack, S. C., Johnson, T. P., & Riley, B. B. (2015). Coming out in color: Racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between level of sexual identity disclosure and depression among lesbians. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21(2), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037644

Barefoot, K. N., Smalley, K. B., & Warren, J. C. (2017). A quantitative comparison of the health-care disclosure experiences of rural and nonrural lesbians. Stigma and Health, 2(3), 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000052

Breshears, D., & Lubbe-De Beer, C. (2014). A qualitative analysis of adult children's advice for parents coming out to their children. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035520

Consedine, N. S., Sabag-Cohen, S., & Krivoshekova, Y. S. (2007). Ethnic, gender, and socioeconomic differences in young adults' self-disclosure: Who discloses what and to whom? Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 13(3), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.13.3.254