This paper attempts to explore the employment difficulties facing single mothers and the main factors deterring their seeking vocational training. We find that the major factors constraining female employment include human capital insufficiency and structural constraints. The lack of human capital makes females less competitive in the job market. As for structural constraints, they are bound by the traditional culture to assume housework, depriving their chances of working outside. Vocational training can improve single mothers' human capital and their re-employment opportunity. However, some factors, such as age, the number of children, and welfare information, will affect single mothers' willingness to seek vocational training. Our study has found that females who are middle-aged, with fewer children to support, and with more understanding of welfare information have a higher willingness to undertake vocational training.