客家婦女在傳統文化產業之敘說探究

本研究目的在探究客家婦女對文化產業的成功經學經驗，並剖析客家婦女從事產業的自我生命實踐歷程。共邀請五位在客家庄從事傳統文化產業的婦女參與深度訪談，訪談時間從民國98年4月至10月間進行，每位個案的訪談次數最少為兩次，最多達九次，視個案時間與訪談內容的完整性作決定。經過資料整理與分析得到以下結論：1.客家婦女勤勞耐苦的精神對產業經營有正向的功能；2.客家婦女成功經營產業之道為堅持、彈性與運用「關係性鑲嵌」策略；3.客家婦女的勞動精神轉換到產業經營帶來更多的成就感；4.透過微型產業的經營管理，發揮了客家婦女生命實踐的歷程；5.透過客家婦女產業的家族繼承，也彰顯了客家文化傳承的功效。藉由成功經營產業的客家婦女生命故事之敘說，能對客家婦女在產業的經營與管理進一步的理解與詮釋；也藉由她們的成功經驗分享，提供有志從事此業婦女參考借鏡。

關鍵字

客家婦女；敘說探究；詮釋互動論；傳統文化產業

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the significance of Hakka women in tradtional culture industries through their life stories; to comprehend how Hakka women manage the business in these industries and how they assist the development with their experience; to explore how Hakka women achieve themselves and find the satisfactions of accomplishment in the progress. Five Hakka women were invited to participate in this inquiry. All of them have devoted in traditional culture industry in Hakka village for more than 20 years and have already well founded in traditional culture industries. The data of this study was principally collected per comprehensive conversations with these Hakka women; each case had been interviewed at least twice, nine times the most, depended on the information has been completely saturated. The interviews had been conducted during the period between April and October 2009. After analyzing and sorting out all the information, several findings were described as follows: 1. The diligent spirit of Hakka culture had certain positive influences to the management of industries. 2. The method of a successful management of industry was insistence and toleration. 3. Hakka women obtained more satisfactions from work as their individual industrious spirit transfers from labor to management of industry. 4. By way of managing this kind of micro industries, family life and the satisfactions of achievement could be sufficed in the meantime. 5. By way of the inheritance of Hakka industry, Hakka culture could be transferred to next generations. This study intends to deeply recognize and better comprehend the role of Hakka women in industries via the words from the successful Hakka female managers; and provided some references to the women who were interested in this industry per the successful experiences.