綜合性觀光農園經濟效益影響因數辨識及其機理研究

Identification of Factors and Their Influencing Mechanism to Economic Effectiveness of Comprehensive Leisure Agro-parks

杜姍姍(Shan-Shan Du) ； 蔡建明(Jian-Ming Cai) ； 任國柱(Guo-Zhu Ren)

《鄉村旅遊研究》 7卷1期 (2013/06) Pp. 33-42

摘要

觀光農業園日益成為各地發展農業旅遊和提升農業發展效益的主導平臺，其中綜合性觀光農園更以其強大的經濟帶動能力成為學界關注的重點。本文借鑒邁克爾波特的競爭力鑽石模型識別觀光農園效益的主要影響要素，並結合層次分析法構建綜合性觀光農業園的經濟效益影響因數體系，通過專家打分法計算各項因數的“影響度”來分析各因數對觀光農業園經濟效益的影響機理。結果表明：8個一級影響因數對綜合性觀光農業園經濟效益影響力各有偏頗，經營戰略和園區發展環境對於園區經濟效益影響最大，其次是區位條件、園區土地利用、政府對園區的支援等因數，區域農業發展基礎、相關行業組織發育情況對園區經濟效益影響較小。21個二級影響因數中，園區所在區位及交通條件對綜合性觀光農業園經濟效益影響最大，其次是市場行銷、投資數量與節奏、獎勵性措施、戰略管理等要素，而政府支援力度、勞動力結構、區域基礎設施等因數對綜合性觀光農業園經濟效益影響分值較小。

關鍵字

綜合性觀光農園 ； 都市農業 ； 效益影響機制 ； 北京市

並列摘要

Leisure agro-parks are gradually becoming the main platform for developing agro-tourism and enhancing agricultural efficiency in China. The high level of which, comprehensive leisure agro-parks, have attracted much more attention to the academics given their powerful driving forces and development momentum. However, what factors and influencing mechanism to the economic performance of these parks have not yet been systematically studied. Based on Michael Porter's theory of diamond model, this paper identified the main factors affecting leisure agro-parks' efficiency. Combined with Analytical Hierarchy Process, this paper built a comprehensive agricultural park economic impact factor system and detected the influence mechanism of these factors by expert scoring method and weight of these factors. Upon comprehensively analyzing, this paper revealed that comprehensive leisure agro-parks can enhance their competitiveness and economic benefits by ameliorating EIGHT first level impact factors and TWENTY-ONE second level impact factors. Different factors in EIGHT first level influence comprehensive leisure farms' efficiency in different development stages, in which, what play a leading role is business strategy and development environment of the park, then is geographic conditions, the land use and government support. The basis of regional agricultural and development of related industry organizations have less impact on the economic benefits of the park. Among TWENTY-ONE second level impact factors, locations and traffic conditions greatly influence economic benefits of comprehensive leisure agro-parks. Next factors are marketing, investment amount and rhythm, incentive measures, strategic management, construction land index, annual operating period and the area of the park. In contrast, the government support, the labor force structure, regional infrastructure, rich products, organization and management, social network, the application of new technology and good planning and design have less influence on efficiency of comprehensive leisure agro-parks'.

並列關鍵字

Comprehensive Leisure Agro-parks ； Urban Agriculture ； Influencing Mechanism ； Beijing

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