日治初期（1895-1906年）臺灣學校女子體育的摸索與建立

A Study on Women's Physical Education in Taiwan Schools at the Initial Stage of the Japanese Colonization (1895-1906)

金湘斌(Hsiang-Pin Chin)

《師大臺灣史學報》 4期 (2011/09) Pp. 161-201

https://doi.org/10.29883/BTHRNTNU.201109.0005

摘要

纏足之風俗，是一種為符合傳統禮教規範，將女子身體物化，使其不自由的身體改造過程。而近代日本引入女子體育運動，則是一種將女性身體置於富國強兵之國民化的身體改造工程。然而，這兩條原本沒有交集的平行線，卻隨著19世紀帝國主義與殖民運動的擴張，纏足與體育竟也在日本帝國第一個殖民地—臺灣，交會相遇。所以如何對纏足過後的身體進行矯正，或者是抑制此風氣的盛行，自然也就成為日治初期臺灣學校女子體育建立之初，不得不面對的棘手問題。據探討結果顯示，日治初期臺灣社會女子纏足之風氣依舊盛行，故造成女子體育實施上的困難。也正因如此，臺灣最初的女子體育在透過教員的教學試驗下，遂逐漸摸索出以適切遊戲代替體操實施的矯正方針出現。另一方面，做為具有臺灣女子教育模範的國語學校第一附屬學校女子部，其針對纏足女子進行簡化教授體育的內容與方法，除有著誘導、啟發性的作用外，似乎還具有類似循環漸進式的復健功能和包含現今適應體育的概念。當然，也亦呈現出殖民地臺灣女子體育在實施初期迥異於日本內地的特殊現象。

關鍵字

女子體育 ； 日治時期 ； 適應體育 ； 纏足

並列摘要

The social folk, foot binding, is one kind of traditional courtesy norm in Taiwan, by which women's body is viewed as a thing. On the other hand, modern women's physical education, introduced into Taiwan by Japan, intends to reform female body based on the notions of nationalization and strong national power. Foot binding and physical education, these two parallel lines, unexpectedly encounter in Taiwan under imperialism and colonization in 19th century. However, the correction of women's deformed bodies and the restraint on foot binding are two major problems that the Japanese Governance faced at the initial stage of the colonization. In the present study, we come to the conclusion that the practice of foot binding is still prevailing at the initial stage of the Japanese ruling which leads to the difficulty in carrying out women's physical education. Therefore, school faculties replace the gymnastics courses with suitable games. Moreover, the female students' branch in the first affiliated school of Kokugo school, as a education model at that time, simplifies women's physical education in which the teaching content and methods are not only guidable and instructive but also includes the following notions such as medical recovery functions and adaptation sports. Undoubtedly, the practice of women's physical education in the colony, Taiwan, is different from that in Japan at the initial stage of the Japanese colonization.

並列關鍵字

adaptation sports ； foot binding ； the Japanese colonization ； women's physical education