去奴化、趨祖國化下的書寫─以戰後臺灣人物傳為例

The Writing of De-Enslavement and the Tendency of Nationalization: Take Post-War Biographies in Taiwan as an Example

許雪姬(Hsueh-Chi Hsu)

《師大臺灣史學報》 4期 (2011/09) Pp. 3-65

https://doi.org/10.29883/BTHRNTNU.201109.0001

摘要

本文主要利用戰後所修的臺灣人物傳，如《臺灣時人誌》（1947），《中華民國人事錄》（1953）、《臺灣名人集》（1953），《臺灣名人傳》（1953）、《南臺灣人物誌》（1957）等來觀察，發現戰後人物傳有去奴化、趨祖國化的書寫內容。如將日治時期參加皇民奉公會的事蹟削除，易之以日治、戰後熱愛祖國的事蹟。不僅如此，一些有偽政權經歷者，在傳中幾乎不呈現，使戰後臺灣人物傳出現了斷裂，以謝文達、陳錫卿、吳敦禮三人為例，最能說明上述現象。基於上述，如何解讀現成的臺灣人物傳，又如何評價臺灣人物，是當前臺灣史研究必須嚴肅對待的問題。進一步說，臺灣人物的評價，不能依附於日、中，應有自己的立場。而日治時期在所謂偽政權工作的臺灣人，應與在重慶活動的臺灣人同樣被重視。

關鍵字

臺灣人物評價 ； 謝文達 ； 陳錫卿 ； 吳敦禮

並列摘要

This article investigates post-war biographies written after World War II, such as Taiwanese Contemporary Biographies (1947), Biographies of the Republic of China, Collection of Taiwanese Celebrities (1953), Biographies of Taiwanese Celebrities, and Biographies of the Southern Taiwan (1957). It discusses the contents about de-enslavement and the tendency of nationalization in these texts. For example, these biographies delete the history about the participation in Kominhokokai (皇民奉公會) eitenally. Instead, they described the patriotic events during the Japanese reign and the post-war phase. In addition, some characters with the experiences of the puppet regimes are also deleted from these texts, so there is a gap in post-war Taiwanese biographies. The instances of Xie Wen-da, Chen Xi-qing, and Wu Dun-li are the best illustration of the above phenomenon.Based on above issues, how to interpret existing Taiwanese biographies and how to value these Taiwanese are serious problems for the modern research of Taiwan history. Furthermore, the evaluation should not depend on Japanese or Chinese texts. We should have our own standpoint. Those Taiwanese working for the puppet regime during the Japanese reign should accept as much attention as those Taiwanese working for the government at Chongqing.

並列關鍵字

evaluation of Taiwanese ； Xie Wen-da ； Chen Xi-qing ； Wu Dun-li