幼兒在動手作科學活動中心流經驗成長類型及相關因素之研究

The Categories of Preschool Children's Flow Experience in Hands-on Sciences Activities and Its Related Study

侯雅齡(Ya-Ling Hou)

《幼兒教保研究》 2期 (2008/10) Pp. 1-17

https://doi.org/10.6471/JECEC.200810.0001

摘要

本研究目的在探討幼兒在參與動手作科學活動歷程其心流經驗(flow experience)改變的類型，及不同心流經驗變化類型在個人及家庭環境變項上的差異。研究參與者包含308位幼稚園學生。由於研究者在潛在成長趨勢模式（latent growth curve model，簡稱LGM）的分析結果中，發現整體幼兒的心流經驗雖呈現顯著的直線成長趨勢，不過起始狀態與成長率之間呈現負相關，再者，在以不同個人、家庭環境變項進行多階層LGM分析結果，發現這些變項對幼兒心流經驗起始狀態有顯著的預測力，但在成長率的預測力卻不顯著，爲了能更深入瞭解幼兒在參與動手作科學活動的心流經驗變化及影響因素，故以二階段集群分析將幼兒心流經驗的變化進行分群，再透過卡方考驗、單因子多變量變異數分析進行統計考驗。
研究結果顯示：
一、幼兒在參與動手作科學活動的心流經驗變化可分爲「低起始顯著成長型」、「中高起始無趨勢型」與「高起始緩步成長型」三類。
二、性別、獨生子、科學喜好、科學圖書量、科學活動安排與父母教育程度在三類心流經驗變化型態皆有顯著的差異。
三、不同心流經驗變化類型在屬於幼兒玩性的情感歡樂、認知自發、身體自發與社會自發四變項有顯著的差異，總變異解釋量爲4.5%。

關鍵字

心流經驗變化類型 ； 集群分析 ； 動手作科學 ； 幼兒

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the categories of preschool children's flow experience in hands-on sciences activities and the relationships among flow experience categories, family environment, and playfulness of preschool children. 308 young children sampled participated in this study. The employed instruments in this study were the Preschool Children's Science Flow Experience Scale, the Questionnaire of Family Environment, the Children's Playfulness Scale. The employed analysis methods included Two Step Cluster Analysis, Chi-Square Test and One-Way Multiple Analysis of Variance.
The results have shown:
1. Three categories have been suggested: ”Low initial status, fast growth rate”, ”high intermediate initial status, no trend”, ”High initial status, slow growth rate”.
2. The variances of ”Gender”, ”Singleton”, ”Science-Favorite”, ”Books”, ”Science-Activities” and ”Education Degree of Parents” were related significantly to categories of flow experience.
3. Children's playfulness was related significantly to categories of flow experience.

並列關鍵字

categories of flow experience ； cluster analysis ； hands-on sciences ； preschool children