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以問題解決的情境認知減緩哲學抽象性導致的學習困難

Reducing Difficulties of Learning due to Abstraction in Philosophy with Situated Cognition of Problem-Solving

摘要


學生在上通識哲學課的時候經常感到教學內容抽象難懂,本文以情境認知處理問題解決的理論,來理解哲學觀念的抽象性,並減緩哲學抽象性所產生的教學困難。基於哲學史家文德爾班對哲學特性的討論,本文主張哲學論述是在進行心靈活動一般對象之問題解決。基於凱爾徐所討論問題解決的情境認知理論,本文主張哲學觀念所涉及的討論,包括從心靈活動一般對象之問題陳述、解答、學習,到現實解決的四層情境,最後把這四層情境設計於學習單,藉助學習者與學習情境的互動,來減緩學習困難。

關鍵字

哲學 抽象 問題解決 情境認知 學習

並列摘要


Abstraction in philosophy usually results in difficulties of learning. The present paper considers those difficulties in terms of abstraction involved in problem-solving activities. Based on Windelband's (2001) discussion on the nature of philosophy, the present paper asserts that philosophy provides general accounts of problem-solving activities. Kirsh (2009) discusses problem solving from the perspective of situated cognition. According to this perspective, the present paper proposes that philosophical inquiry involves four levels of situation: raising a question, answering a question, learning philosophical notions, and realizing those notions in social circumstances. The present paper, at last, realizes a theory of situated cognition in study exercises.

參考文獻


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